Oxidative stress in human facial skin observed by ultraweak photon emission imaging and its correlation with biophysical properties of skin

Tsuchida, Katsuhiko; Kobayashi, Masaki

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66723-1

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Collectively, these findings suggest a relationship between UV light induced lipid peroxidation and wrinkle formation. Indeed, our previous study confirmed a relationship between oxidative stress and wrinkle formation in facial skin 23 . α-Linolenic acid accumulates in the body of mammals (carcass, adipose, and skin) and its major metabolic route is beta-oxidation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Porphyrin 49 and melanin 50 in the skin are known to cause photosensitization reactions, and other chromophores such as bilirubin, NAD(P)H, trans -urocanic acid, and tryptophan have also been proposed as photosensitizers 51 . Our previous study reported a correlation of porphyrin with UPE 23 . UVA excites photosensitizers in the skin, which in turn oxidize biomolecules, thus resulting in the release of UPE from the skin surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The UV-induced UPE from the skin decreased by applying antioxidants, showing that UPE derived from oxidative stress. In addition, we have proposed that oxidative stress is correlated with wrinkle formation and porphyrin scores in the skin, highlighting the importance of antioxidation measures in preventing skin damage induced by oxidative stress 23 . The dermal layer has been proposed to be one of the sources of UPE 22 , 24 , suggesting that the measurement of skin UPE could reflect the degree of oxidative stress throughout the skin, including the epidermal and dermal layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Ultraviolet A irradiation induces ultraweak photon emission with characteristic spectral patterns from biomolecules present in human skin

Tsuchida¹,

Kobayashi

2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Oxidative stress is associated with photoaging of the skin as well as with skin cancer, and is therefore, critical to monitor. Ultraweak photon emission (UPE) is extremely weak light generated during the oxidative process in the living body and has been used as a non-invasive and label-free marker for the evaluation of oxidative stress. However, the mechanism of UPE generation is not clear. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying UPE generation by analyzing the spectra of UPE generated from biomolecules in the skin during ultraviolet A (UVA) exposure. The spectra of UVA-induced UPE generated from linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elastin, phospholipids, and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid were measured, and the spectrum of human skin tissue was also obtained. The spectral patterns varied for the different biomolecules and the peaks were distinct from those of the skin tissue. These results suggested that the UPE generated from skin tissue is a collection of light emitted by biomolecules. Moreover, we proposed that UPE is generated through a photosensitization reaction and energy transfer. The identified characteristic spectral patterns of UPE can be useful to elucidate UVA-induced oxidative stress in the skin, with implications for prevention and treatment of photoaging and skin diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Ultraviolet A irradiation induces ultraweak photon emission with characteristic spectral patterns from biomolecules present in human skin

Tsuchida¹,

Kobayashi

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Ultra-weak photon emission results from reactions involving ROS formed during oxidative metabolic processes [25,33,34]. Reactive oxygen species generated at low concentrations in cells act as signaling molecules that facilitate significant responses in plant cells such as controlling growth, development and helps in developing tolerance to environmental strains [35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Distribution of Ultra-Weak Photon Emission as a Response to Wounding in Plants: An In Vivo Study

Prasad

Gouripeddi²,

Devireddy³

et al. 2020

Biology

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It is well established that every living organism spontaneously emits photons referred to as ultra-weak photon emission (synonym biophotons or low-level chemiluminescence) which inherently embodies information about the wellbeing of the source. In recent years, efforts have been made to use this feature as a non-invasive diagnostic tool related to the detection of food quality, agriculture and biomedicine. The current study deals with stress resulting from wounding (mechanical injury) on Arabidopsis thaliana and how it modifies the spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission. The ultra-weak photon emission from control (non-wounded) and stressed (wounded) plants was monitored using different modes of ultra-weak photon emission measurement sensors like charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras and photomultiplier tubes (PMT) and the collected data were analyzed to determine the level of stress generated, photon emission patterns, and underlying biochemical process. It is generally considered that electronically excited species formed during the oxidative metabolic processes are responsible for the ultra-weak photon emission. In the current study, a high-performance cryogenic full-frame CCD camera was employed for two-dimensional in-vivo imaging of ultra-weak photon emission (up to several counts/s) and the spectral analysis was done by using spectral system connected to a PMT. The results show that Arabidopsis subjected to mechanical injury enhances the photon emission and also leads to changes in the spectral pattern of ultra-weak photon emission. Thus, ultra-weak photon emission can be used as a tool for oxidative stress imaging and can pave its way into numerous plant application research.

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“…A decrease in hydrophobicity was expected as reduced levels of covalently bound lipids have been observed on forearm SC as well as of substrate and associated enzymes necessary for their attachment in photoaged skin sites. This could be the reason for the decline in the hydrophobicity in the aged nasolabial areas as these facial sites are those recently reported to have the highest levels of oxidative stress [ 17 ]. The ageing‐related decreases in CE rigidity were consistent across all four sites (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical niacinamide enhances hydrophobicity and resilience of corneocyte envelopes on different facial locations

Voegeli

Guneri²,

Cherel³

et al. 2020

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Topical niacinamide enhances hydrophobicity and resilience of corneocyte envelopes on different facial locations The stratum corneum (SC) undergoes a variety of catabolic and anabolic reactions towards its outer surface layers in preparation for its external assault from the terrestrial environment [1]. These events are essential for the formation of a healthy barrier. Key is the maturation of the corneocyte envelope (CE) (Fig. 1). Morphologically, CE's appear fragile in the deeper layers of the SC and more rigid in the outer layers, the mechanics of which have been confirmed with several biomechanical approaches [2]. Early methods to assessing the maturity of the CE's were based upon staining with tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) where rigid CEs stain more intensely than fragile ones [3]. Later, their protein content was assessed by involucrin immunochemistry and their lipid content by Nile red staining which was then expressed as a ratio [4-9]. Using these approaches, improvements in CE maturity of the volar forearm and the legs have been observed with moisturizers containing glycerol [3,10] and niacinamide [11]. We have recently published on the regional complexity of facial skin using a variety of bio-instrumental techniques [12,13] and also developed new CE maturation assays to further probe the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE) hydrophobicity and corneocyte protein envelope (CPE) structural integrity as independent parameters [14]. These findings prompted us to assess the effect of niacinamide in a 4-week placebo-controlled, randomized topical study on these biochemical and physical parameters on several facial skin sites in young (n = 24, 20.8 AE 1.7 years old) and old Caucasian study participants (n = 24, 57.5 AE 2.9 years old) living in Pretoria, South Africa. The study was approved by the School of Health Care Sciences Research Committee (SRC) together with the Medunsa Campus Research and Ethics Committee (MREC), South Africa, and took place from July to September 2016. All participants provided written informed consent before start of the study. After a three day wash-out phase, either the vehicle or the test cream including 3% of niacinamide (Table 1) were applied twice daily (morning and evening) onto the face after cleansing. The subjects were randomly assigned to use either the vehicle or the test cream. A simple but panellist-acceptable vehicle was chosen with a suitable penetration enhancer, in this case 1-2 propanediol. 2% Figure 1 Model of the corneocyte envelope (CE). An early step in the cornification process is the formation of the intercellular cytoskeleton mainly composed of keratin filaments and filaggrin. Cross-linking of proteins, mainly of loricrin and involucrin form the rigid inner corneocyte protein envelope (CPE). Then, a lipid monolayer, the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), is covalently attached to the CPE. The CLE serves as a scaffold for the lamellar organization of the extracellular lipid matrix.

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Oxidative stress in human facial skin observed by ultraweak photon emission imaging and its correlation with biophysical properties of skin

Cited by 36 publications

References 38 publications

Ultraviolet A irradiation induces ultraweak photon emission with characteristic spectral patterns from biomolecules present in human skin

Ultraviolet A irradiation induces ultraweak photon emission with characteristic spectral patterns from biomolecules present in human skin

Spectral Distribution of Ultra-Weak Photon Emission as a Response to Wounding in Plants: An In Vivo Study

Topical niacinamide enhances hydrophobicity and resilience of corneocyte envelopes on different facial locations

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