Oxidative stress in human in sustained and white coat hypertension

Caner, Metin; Karter, Yesari; Uzun, Hafize; Çurgunlu, Aslı; Vehid, Suphi; Balcı, Huriye; Yücel, Rıfat; Güner, İnci; Kutlu, Ayşe; Yaldıran, Adnan; Öztürk, Ece

doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.00959.x

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…158 In patients with white coat hypertension serum protein carbonyl (indicating protein oxidation) was increased and endogenous antioxidant proteins (protein thiol, SOD, glutathione) were decreased compared with normotensive individuals, suggesting a relationship between oxidative stress and hypertension. 159 Antioxidant vitamins reduced blood pressure and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes or hypertension in small clinical studies, 160 but had no effect in postmenopausal women, in healthy subjects or in pregnant women at risk for hypertension/preeclampsia. [159][160][161][162] …”

Section: Ros and Vascular Biology In Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

2010

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Increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS; termed oxidative stress) has been implicated in various chronic diseases, including hypertension. Oxidative stress is both a cause and a consequence of hypertension. Although oxidative injury may not be the sole etiology, it amplifies blood pressure elevation in the presence of other pro-hypertensive factors. Oxidative stress is a multisystem phenomenon in hypertension and involves the heart, kidneys, nervous system, vessels and possibly the immune system. Compelling experimental and clinical evidence indicates the importance of the vasculature in the pathophysiology of hypertension and as such much emphasis has been placed on the (patho)biology of ROS in the vascular system. A major source for cardiovascular, renal and neural ROS is a family of non-phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox), including the prototypic Nox2 homolog-based NADPH oxidase, as well as other Noxes, such as Nox1 and Nox4. Nox-derived ROS is important in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone. Oxidative stress is implicated in endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, migration, fibrosis, angiogenesis and rarefaction, important processes involved in vascular remodeling in hypertension. Despite a plethora of data implicating oxidative stress as a causative factor in experimental hypertension, findings in human hypertension are less conclusive. This review highlights the importance of ROS in vascular biology and focuses on the potential role of oxidative stress in human hypertension.

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Section: Ros and Vascular Biology In Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…159 Antioxidant vitamins reduced blood pressure and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes or hypertension in small clinical studies, 160 but had no effect in postmenopausal women, in healthy subjects or in pregnant women at risk for hypertension/preeclampsia. [159][160][161][162] …”

Section: Ros and Vascular Biology In Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

2010

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“…Among the oxidative stress parameters, paraoxonase (PON-1) levels were significantly lower (P < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher (P < 0.026) in WCHT patients compared with NT patients, whereas ox-LDL was not significantly different between the NT, WCHT and SHT groups [47] . A study by Caner et al [48] on other oxidative stress parameters, such as protein carbonyl(PCO) and antioxidant capacity, showed that PCO was higher (P < 0.001) and that antioxidant markers(plasma thiol, plasma CuZn-SOD and erythrocyte glutathione) were lower (P < 0.01)in WCHT patients compared with the NT group. Plasminogen activator 1(PAI-1) and von Willebrand factor levels were not different between the WCHT and NT groups [45] .…”

Section: White-coat Hypertension and Target Organ Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Closer look at white-coat hypertension

Sipahioğlu

2014

WJM

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This review aims to clarify novel concepts regarding the clinical and laboratory aspects of white-coat hypertension (WCHT). Recent studies on the clinical and biological implications of WCHT were compared with existing knowledge. Studies were included if the WCHT patients were defined according to the 2013 European Society of Hypertension guidelines, i.e., an office blood pressure (BP) of ≥ 140/90 mmHg, a home BP of ≤ 135/85 mmHg, and a mean 24-h ambulatory BP of ≤ 130/80 mmHg. WCHT studies published since 2000 were selected, although a few studies performed before 2000 were used for comparative purposes. True WCHT was defined as normal ABPM and home BP readings, and partial WCHT was defined as an abnormality in one of these two readings. The reported prevalence of WCHT was 15%-45%. The incidence of WCHT tended to be higher in females and in non-smokers. Compared with normotensive (NT) patients, WCHT was associated with a higher left ventricular mass index, higher lipid levels, impaired fasting glucose, and decreased arterial compliance. The circadian rhythm in WCHT patients was more variable than in NT patient's, with a higher pulse pressure and non-dipping characteristics. Compared with sustained hypertension patients, WCHT patients have a better 10-year prognosis; compared with NT patients, WCHT patients have a similar stroke risk, but receive more frequent drug treatment. There are conflicting results regarding WCHT and markers of endothelial damage, oxidative stress and inflammation, and the data imply that WCHT patients may have a worse prognosis. Nitric oxide levels are lower, and oxidative stress parameters are higher in WCHT patients than in NT patients, whereas the antioxidant capacity is lower in WCHT patients than in NT patients. Clinicians should be aware of the risk factors associated with WCHT and patients should be closely monitored especially to identify target organ damage and metabolic syndrome. Key words: White-coat hypertension; Ambulatory blood pressure; Target organ damage; Glucose dysregulation Core tip: There is contradictory information regarding the clinical presentations and prognosis of white-coat hypertension (WCHT). This review aims to summarize recent research and compare it to existing knowledge about WCHT. Published studies on the prevalence of WCHT, the associated target organ damage and cardiovascular markers, and WCHT patient prognosis were reviewed. WCHT may be a marker of future obesity and metabolic syndrome, is related to glucose dysregulation and left ventricular hypertrophy and may progress to sustained hypertension. Clinicians should be aware of the risk factors associated with WCHT, and patients should be closely monitored, especially to identify target organ damage and metabolic syndrome.Sipahioglu NT, Sipahioglu F. Closer look at white-coat hypertension. World

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“…Antioxidant vitamins reduced blood pressure and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes (240), but had no effect in postmenopausal women or in healthy subjects (140). Population studies have demonstrated an inverse association between plasma vitamin C levels and vitamin C consumption with blood pressure (28,139), and a recent meta-analysis reported that vitamin C supplementation reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure (147). In patients with white coat hypertension, serum protein carbonyl (indicating protein oxidation) was increased and endogenous antioxidant proteins (protein thiol, SOD, glutathione) were decreased compared with normotensive individuals, further supporting a relationship between low antioxidant capacity, increased oxidative stress, and hypertension (201).…”

Section: Ros Oxidative Stress and Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species, Vascular Noxs, and Hypertension: Focus on Translational and Clinical Research

Montezano

Touyz²

2014

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

236

177

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Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules that are important in physiological processes, including host defense, aging, and cellular homeostasis. Increased ROS bioavailability and altered redox signaling (oxidative stress) have been implicated in the onset and/or progression of chronic diseases, including hypertension. Recent Advances: Although oxidative stress may not be the only cause of hypertension, it amplifies blood pressure elevation in the presence of other pro-hypertensive factors, such as salt loading, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and sympathetic hyperactivity, at least in experimental models. A major source for ROS in the cardiovascular-renal system is a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (Noxs), including the prototypic Nox2-based Nox, and Nox family members: Nox1, Nox4, and Nox5. Critical Issues: Although extensive experimental data support a role for increased ROS levels and altered redox signaling in the pathogenesis of hypertension, the role in clinical hypertension is unclear, as a direct causative role of ROS in blood pressure elevation has yet to be demonstrated in humans. Nevertheless, what is becoming increasingly evident is that abnormal ROS regulation and aberrant signaling through redoxsensitive pathways are important in the pathophysiological processes which is associated with vascular injury and target-organ damage in hypertension. Future Directions: There is a paucity of clinical information related to the mechanisms of oxidative stress and blood pressure elevation, and a few assays accurately measure ROS directly in patients. Such further ROS research is needed in humans and in the development of adequately validated analytical methods to accurately assess oxidative stress in the clinic. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 20,[164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182]

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Oxidative stress in human in sustained and white coat hypertension

Cited by 28 publications

References 44 publications

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

Closer look at white-coat hypertension

Reactive Oxygen Species, Vascular Noxs, and Hypertension: Focus on Translational and Clinical Research

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