Oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome & its association with DNA-strand break

Abstract

Background & objectives:Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with numerous components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was aimed to investigate if hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the reactive oxygen species was capable of depicting OS in MetS, and If MetS patients showed DNA damage in the form of DNA strand breaks (DSB).Methods:A total of 160 participants (90 males, 70 females) ≥20 yr of age were categorized into four groups based on the number of MetS risk parameters (n=40 in each group). Sugar and lipid profile, H2O2 concentration in blood and DNA-strand breaks were measured.Results:DSB was significantly more in those with MetS (n=40) than those without (n=120) whereas H2O2 levels were the same in both the study groups. The number of DSB differed significantly between the control and 3 risk factor groups. DSB was also higher in groups with 2 and 1 risk factors compared to 0 risk but the difference was not significant. H2O2 level was higher in groups with 3, 2 and 1 risk factors compared to 0 risk group but the difference was not significant. The H2O2 level correlated positively with triglyceride values but not with other MetS risk parameters. There was no significant correlation between DSB and MetS risk parameters.Interpretation & conclusions:Our findings showed a cumulative and synergistic effect of the risk factors of MetS on DSB. Individuals with three risk parameters had a greater effect on DNA damage than in those with two or one risk parameter. Although plasma H2O2 level increased with an increase in the fat depots, use of H2O2 to depict OS in MetS should be coupled with an adjunct and estimation of DSB in peripheral blood lymphocytes may be used as indicator of OS in MetS patients.

Improvements in antioxidant status after agraz consumption was associated to reductions in cardiovascular risk factors in women with metabolic syndrome

“…Contrarily, studies evaluating the acute and chronic effects of polyphenols rich berries in healthy people, demonstrated beneficial effects with significant increases in the activity of enzymes such as SOD, CAT and GPx, influenced by polyphenols (Kardum et al, 2014;Kuntz et al, 2014;Toaldo et al, 2016). These effects could be explained by the lower levels of oxidative stress (OxS) observed in healthy people versus the higher levels in people with metabolic syndrome (Bhutia et al, 2018;Sabir et al, 2016); given that inactivation of enzymes activity mediated by products generated during oxidation has been reported (Kang, 2013). In fact, we reported a better anti-inflammatory effect after 4 weeks of agraz consumption in women having three MetS parameters in comparison with those with four MetS components (Espinosa-Moncada et al, 2018).…”

“…In addition to these CVRF, people with MetS also presents oxidative stress (Bhutia et al, 2018), which has been defined as an unbalance between the generation of oxidative species and the antioxidant status, in favor of the oxidative species (Betteridge, 2000). In this sense, compared with people without MetS, people with MetS have higher lipoperoxidation and oxidative DNA damage (Bhutia et al, 2018), and a reduced endogenous antioxidant enzymes activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) (Sabir et al, 2016). In addition, total antioxidant capacity (TAC)-defined as the "global antioxidant efficiency mirroring the multiple aspects of redox interactions" (Serafini & Del Rio, 2004, p. 106)-, is significantly reduced as the components of MetS increase (Bakhtiari et al, 2017).…”