Oxidative stress in obesity and insulin resistance

Panic, Anastasija; Stanimirović, Julijana; Sudar-Milovanović, Emina; Isenović, Esma R.

doi:10.37349/emed.2022.00074

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Obesity, a state of low-grade systemic in ammation, is associated with ROS overproduction and oxidative stress due to mitochondrial dysfunction (22). As a result, in ammation and oxidative stress are involved in the induction of ER stress signaling pathways and subsequent unfolded protein response (UPR) activation to restore ER homeostasis (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role of Omentin-1 in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Evidence from translational studies

Salvoza

Giraudi

Gazzin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Obesity, characterized by visceral adipose tissue (VAT) expansion, is closely associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Recent research has highlighted the crucial role of the adipose tissue-liver axis in the development of MASLD to its progressive form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). In this study, we investigated the potential role of omentin-1, a novel adipokine expressed by VAT, in obesity-related MASLD pathogenesis. Methods Through in silico analysis of differentially expressed genes in VAT from obese patients with and without MASH, we identified omentin-1 as a significant candidate. To validate our findings, we measured omentin-1 levels in VAT and plasma of lean controls and obese patients with biopsy-proven MASLD. Additionally, we assessed omentin-1 expression in the VAT of a juvenile mice MASLD model. In vitro and ex vivo studies were conducted to investigate the effects of omentin-1 on MASLD-related mechanisms, including steatosis, inflammation, ER stress, and oxidative stress. We also analyzed the impact of D-glucose and insulin on VAT omentin-1 levels ex vivo. Results Compared to the lean group, the obese groups exhibited significantly lower VAT and plasma levels of omentin-1. Interestingly, within the MASH group, fibrosis did not affect omentin-1 levels. Likewise, VAT of mice fed with high-fat diet, showing histological signs of MASH showed decreased omentin-1 levels as com-pared to their control diet counterpart. In vitro experiments on fat-laden human hepatocytes revealed that omentin-1 did not affect steatosis but significantly reduced TNF-α levels, ER stress, and oxidative stress. Similar results were obtained using ex vivo VAT explants from obese patients upon omentin-1 supplementation. Furthermore, omentin-1 decreased the expression of NF-κB mRNA, both in vitro and ex vivo. Ex vivo VAT explants showed that D-glucose and insulin significantly reduced omentin-1 mRNA expression and protein levels. Conclusions Collectively, our findings suggest that reduced omentin-1 levels contribute to the development of MASLD. Omentin-1 supplementation mitigates inflammation, ER stress, and oxidative stress, probably via inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and might also play a role in the regulation of glucose and insulin metabolism. Further research is warranted to explore omentin-1 as a potential therapeutic target and/or biomarker for MASLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role of Omentin-1 in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Evidence from translational studies

Salvoza

Giraudi

Gazzin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Obesity in addition to being the foremost risk factor for T2DM, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, and hypertension all of which have insulin resistance as the common underlying mechanism; has also been linked to an increased oxidative stress [108]. Obesity is a syndrome of overnutrition and substrate excess leading to glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Reprogramming of Immunity in Obesity and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2).

Mehta¹,

Nguyen²,

Deshpande³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The risks for complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection are higher in obese individuals. Obesity is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, with high leptin levels due to leptin resistance, high basal levels of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, MCP-I and IL-6, and low adiponectin levels, thus contributing to a state of defective innate immunity as well as impaired B and T cell responses. Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension. It has been observed that pre-existence of these diseases confers a higher risk of severe SARS CoV2 infection as well as the need for intensive care; even below the age of 60 years if their body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2, and even more so if it is > 35 kg/m2. The metabolic factors contributing to the changes in altering the immune mechanisms in obese individuals and how this enhances the susceptibility to infection and development of serious SARS-CoV2 infection have been the subject of many debates. Future development of targeted therapy and guidelines will be benefited by greater understanding into these metabolic pathways.

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“…Reports showed that leptin and insulin resistance play a vital role in the development of obesity [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Additionally, there was a strong positive correlation among insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation [ 37 , 38 ]. Dietary tannic acid, as an antioxidant, effectively improved the liver oxidative damage caused by a high-fat diet ( Figure 3 A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Tannic Acid on Obesity and Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6J Mice Fed with High-Fat Diet

Fang

Zeng

et al. 2022

Foods

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Dietary tannic acid, as a natural polyphenolic, has many important biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary tannic acid on obesity and gut microbiota in mice with a high-fat diet. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet were treated with dietary tannic acid for eight weeks. Results showed that dietary tannic acid reduced the body weight gain, regulated glycolipid metabolism, improved the insulin resistance, and attenuated the liver oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice. Moreover, both dietary tannic acid intervention groups repaired the gut barrier damage caused by a high-fat diet, especially in the 50 mg/kg/d dietary tannic acid intervention group. Interestingly, the effect of dietary tannic acid on serum endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content was correlated with the abundance of the LPS-producing microbiota. In addition, dietary tannic acid altered the abundance of obesity-related gut microbiota (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Odoribacter) in the 150 mg/kg/d dietary tannic acid intervention group, while it was not effective in the 50 mg/kg/d dietary tannic acid intervention group. These findings suggested the potential effect of dietary tannic acid for the prevention and control of obesity.

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Oxidative stress in obesity and insulin resistance

Cited by 18 publications

References 99 publications

The potential role of Omentin-1 in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Evidence from translational studies

The potential role of Omentin-1 in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Evidence from translational studies

Metabolic Reprogramming of Immunity in Obesity and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2).

Effects of Dietary Tannic Acid on Obesity and Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6J Mice Fed with High-Fat Diet

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