Oxidative stress increases continuously with BMI and age with unfavourable profiles in males

Wonisch, Willibald; Falk, Andreas; Sundl, Isabella; Winklhofer‐Roob, Brigitte M.; Lindschinger, Meinrad

doi:10.3109/13685538.2012.669436

Cited by 97 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A speculative explanation to this observation is bilirubin consumption occurring in obesity, a hypothesis shared by others (24); obesity is associated with increased inflammation [16], [37], [38] and oxidative stress [39], [40], and bilirubin, presenting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [9], [10], may be somewhat consumed. In fact, oxidative stress increases with increasing BMI and age [34]. In line with this, we found that bilirubin levels are negatively correlated with body and trunk fat percentages and CRP levels within obese patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Body Fat Percentage Is a Major Determinant of Total Bilirubin Independently of UGT1A1*28 Polymorphism in Young Obese

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesBilirubin has potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The UGT1A1*28 polymorphism (TA repeats in the promoter region) is a major determinant of bilirubin levels and recent evidence suggests that raised adiposity may also be a contributing factor. We aimed to study the interaction between UGT1A1 polymorphism, hematological and anthropometric variables with total bilirubin levels in young individuals.Methods350 obese (mean age of 11.6 years; 52% females) and 79 controls (mean age of 10.5 years; 59% females) were included. Total bilirubin and C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma levels, hemogram, anthropometric data and UGT1A1 polymorphism were determined. In a subgroup of 74 obese and 40 controls body composition was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsThe UGT1A1 genotype frequencies were 49.9%, 42.7% and 7.5% for 6/6, 6/7 and 7/7 genotypes, respectively. Patients with 7/7 genotype presented the highest total bilirubin levels, followed by 6/7 and 6/6 genotypes. Compared to controls, obese patients presented higher erythrocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin and CRP levels, but no differences in bilirubin or in UGT1A1 genotype distribution. Body fat percentage was inversely correlated with bilirubin in obese patients but not in controls. This inverse association was observed either in 6/7 or 6/6 genotype obese patients. UGT1A1 polymorphism and body fat percentage were the main factors affecting bilirubin levels within obese patients (linear regression analysis).ConclusionIn obese children and adolescents, body fat composition and UGT1A1 polymorphism are independent determinants of total bilirubin levels. Obese individuals with 6/6 UGT1A1 genotype and higher body fat mass may benefit from a closer clinical follow-up.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Total and direct bilirubin levels were reported to be higher in normal weight adult males than in females [24], [34], [35], but similar within overweight patients [24]. In our study, we observed no statistical significant differences between boys and girls regarding TB levels, either in controls or in obese patients.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Body Fat Percentage Is a Major Determinant of Total Bilirubin Independently of UGT1A1*28 Polymorphism in Young Obese

et al. 2014

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“…Nevertheless, there is a possibility that the observed pathway enrichments for genetic association can be attributed to BMI, which is in the causal pathway, because an increase in BMI elevates oxidative stress in the body (Wonisch et al , 2012). In post-hoc regression analyses of BMI, we observed that the low-frequency variants were not associated with BMI (Table S2, online supporting information).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Analysis of Publicly Available Data Reveals Superoxide and Oxygen Radical Pathways are Enriched for Associations Between Type 2 Diabetes and Low‐Frequency Variants

Yazdanpanah

Chen

Graham

2013

Annals of Human Genetics

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Summary Genome-wide association studies explain at most 5%–10% of the heritable components of type 2 diabetes. Some of the “missing type 2 diabetes heritability” could be explained by low frequency variants. Pooling low frequency variants by genes into a composite test provides an alternative strategy to conventional analysis of individual SNPs for testing susceptibility genes. We examined the associations between low frequency variants and type 2 diabetes, using data from 2,538 diabetic and 2,977 non-diabetic subjects in the publicly available database of Genotypes and Phenotypes. We hypothesized that applying two approaches in combination would enable the identification of promising candidate genes. First, we combined information from all low frequency (1%–5%) variants at a locus in gene-centric analysis of associations with diabetes. Next, we searched for gene ontology (GO) biological processes that were enriched for gene-centric associations, after correcting for multiple testing to control the false discovery rate (FDR). We found three GO biological processes that were significantly enriched for associations to type 2 diabetes: ‘response to superoxide’ (FDR)-adjusted p-value =2.7×10−3), ‘response to oxygen radical’ (FDR-adjusted p-value =2.7×10−3), and ‘heart contraction’ (FDR-adjusted p-value =2.6×10−2). The ‘response to superoxide’ pathway was at the deepest level of the GO hierarchy. There were three genes which contributed to this pathway enrichment for association with type 2 diabetes, including SOD1 a gene which is involved in superoxide and oxygen radical pathways. Gene-centric tests of association with low-frequency variants, followed by analysis to evaluate which biological pathways are enriched for these associations has potential to recover, at least some proportion of, the “missing heritability” of type 2 diabetes.

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“…In a recent research publication, Wonisch et al reported that oxidative stress (more pro-oxidants) increased with age and BMI in a population of 2,190 male subjects undergoing a health examination. 37 Recently, Bryan et al published a review article that explore the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in constructive inflammation and wound healing. 38 Leukocytes, utilizing ROS, clean compromised tissue and eliminate pathogenic organisms; however, a long-term imbalance of pro-oxidants may compromise the wound healing rate and efficiency of new tissue deposition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Chronic Wounds: Improving Clinical Outcomes

Molnár

Vlad

Gumus

2016

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Significance: Nutrition is one of the most basic of medical issues and is often ignored as a problem in the management of our chronic wound patients. Unfortunately, malnutrition is widespread in our geriatric patients even in nursing homes in developed countries. Attention to basic nutrition and providing appropriate supplements may assist in the healing of our chronic wounds. Recent Advances: Recent research has revealed the epidemiology of malnutrition in developed countries, the similarities to malnutrition in developing countries, and some of the physiologic and sociologic causes for this problem. More information is now available on the biochemical effects of nutrient deficiency and supplementation with macronutrients and micronutrients. In some cases, administration of isolated nutrients beyond recommended amounts for healthy individuals may have a pharmacologic effect to help wounds heal. Critical Issues: Much of the knowledge of the nutritional support of chronic wounds is based on information that has been obtained from trauma management. Due to the demographic differences of the patients and differences in the physiology of acute and chronic wounds, it is not logical to assume that all aspects of nutritional support are identical in these patient groups. Before providing specific nutritional supplements, appropriate assessments of patient general nutritional status and the reasons for malnutrition must be obtained or specific nutrient supplementation will not be utilized. Future Directions: Future research must concentrate on the biochemical and physiologic differences of the acute and chronic wounds and the interaction with specific supplements, such as antioxidants, vitamin A, and vitamin D. SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCEThis review discusses the current knowledge of nutrition as related to the patient with chronic wounds. We describe the demographic and physiologic differences between acute and chronic wound patients and define the problem of malnutrition in developed countries. A basic understanding of the need for macronutrients and micronutrients and the value of specific supplementation is provided. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCEMuch of the current knowledge of nutrition in relation to wound healing is inferred from the management of acute wounds and may not be relevant to the patient with chronic wounds. This review describes the current state of available research on the topic and demonstrates the limitations of this information to guide future research. Additional studies that evaluate the supplementation with specific nutrients in patients with chronic wounds will translate into improved patient care. CLINICAL RELEVANCEThis review provides the clinician with knowledge of basic nutrition, the epidemiology of malnutrition in the chronic wound patient, and how to screen these patients for malnutrition. The reader will recognize that even an obese patient may have specific nutrient deficiencies. The literature is reviewed regarding the value of macronutrient and micronutrient supplementation. Recommendations f...

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Oxidative stress increases continuously with BMI and age with unfavourable profiles in males

Cited by 97 publications

References 42 publications

Body Fat Percentage Is a Major Determinant of Total Bilirubin Independently of UGT1A1*28 Polymorphism in Young Obese

Body Fat Percentage Is a Major Determinant of Total Bilirubin Independently of UGT1A1*28 Polymorphism in Young Obese

Secondary Analysis of Publicly Available Data Reveals Superoxide and Oxygen Radical Pathways are Enriched for Associations Between Type 2 Diabetes and Low‐Frequency Variants

Nutrition and Chronic Wounds: Improving Clinical Outcomes

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