Oxidative stress induced antioxidant and neurotoxicity demonstrated in vivo zebrafish embryo or larval model and their normalization due to morin showing therapeutic implications

Embryonic exposure to butylparaben and propylparaben induced developmental toxicity and triggered anxiety‐like neurobehavioral response associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis in the head of zebrafish larvae

“…89 Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitric oxide (NO), have also been known to cause neuronal cell death. 47 In accordance to the aforementioned observations, the BP and PP exposed zebrafish larvae in our study had enhanced apoptotic cells in their head region and reduced SOD, CAT, GSH, and GST enzyme activity, key components of the enzymatic antioxidant defense system. Non-enzymatic antioxidant, glutathione (GSH activity) was also found to show suppressed activity in high BP and PP exposure groups.…”

“…Mechanistic studies reveal the event of apoptotic mediated neuronal injury as the underlying factor in chronic neurodegenerative diseases with emotional neurobehavioral dysfunctions 89 . Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitric oxide (NO), have also been known to cause neuronal cell death 47 . In accordance to the aforementioned observations, the BP and PP exposed zebrafish larvae in our study had enhanced apoptotic cells in their head region and reduced SOD, CAT, GSH, and GST enzyme activity, key components of the enzymatic antioxidant defense system.…”

“…After exposing the zebrafish embryos to BP and PP, the enzyme assay was performed. Zebrafish larvae (at 96 hpf) were anesthetized with tricaine (0.16%) 46 when the exposure ended, and the head section was decapitated and homogenized with 0.1 M ice‐cold phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) 47 . The homogenate was then centrifuged for 15 min at 5000 rpm.…”

“…Zebrafish larvae (at 96 hpf) were anesthetized with tricaine (0.16%) 46 when the exposure ended, and the head section was decapitated and homogenized with 0.1 M ice-cold phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). 47 The homogenate was then centrifuged for 15 min at 5000 rpm. The supernatant was collected, and the protein content of the sample was determined using Bradford method.…”

Uso del modelo de pez cebra como herramienta para evaluar la actividad antiinflamatoria y antioxidante de los alimentos. Revisión de literatura

“…(Cho et al, 2019) resaltó con un ensayo Western blot para anticuerpos ligados a la actividad inmunológica, estos fueron En los ensayos in vivo, se usó peces de 7 a 9 h.p.f en los trabajos de(Cho et al, 2019;Jayawardena et al, 2020;Kim et al, 2020), mientras que,(Arteaga et al, 2021), empleo embriones entre 0 y 4 h.p.f así como otros autores(Issac et al, 2021;Xia et al, 2021); por otro lado, se usó larvas de 6 d.p.f. en el trabajo de(Endo et al, 2020) debido a que requería peces que puedan soportar metabolitos fuertes frente al metabolismo animal,(Roberto et al, 2021) usó peces de 7 d.p.f mientras(Rajasekar et al, 2019), fue el que usó peces de mayor edad 15 d.p.f., principalmente porque el metabolito se suministró de forma oral mediante una mezcla en el alimento.En los ensayos en peces se incluyó la apoptosis en seis de los once artículos, en todos se usó ensayos con tinción de naranja de acridina para la observación de células; la mortalidad se observó mediante microscopio óptico, haciendo una medición del ritmo cardíaco de los peces.…”