Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxicity of malathion in human lymphocytes

Olakkaran, Shilpa; Purayil, Anupama Kizhakke; Antony, Anet; Mallikarjunaiah, Shanthala; Puttaswamygowda, Gurushankara Hunasanahally

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503138

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Malathion, chemically named as diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]butanedioate, is an organophosphate pesticide used to eradicate pests of gardens, crops, ectoparasites on animals and in public health pest-elimination programs 54 , 56 . However, malathion exposure can potentially induce toxic effects on human health, such as disturbance in metabolism levels, lower acetylcholinesterase activities, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity and oxidative stress in human lymphocytes 56 , 57 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the suitability of self-healing rubber glove for safe handling of pesticides

Supramaniam

Low

Wong

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Rubber gloves used for protection against chemicals or hazards are generally prone to tearing or leaking after repeated use, exposing the worker to potentially hazardous agents. Self-healing technology promises increased product durability and shelf life appears to be a feasible solution to address these issues. Herein, we aimed to fabricate a novel epoxidized natural rubber-based self-healable glove (SH glove) and investigate its suitability for handling pesticides safely. In this study, breakthrough time analysis and surface morphological observation were performed to determine the SH glove’s ability to withstand dangerous chemicals. The chemical resistance performance of the fabricated SH glove was compared against four different types of commercial gloves at different temperatures. Using malathion as a model pesticide, the results showed that the SH glove presented chemical resistance ability comparable to those gloves made with nitrile and NR latex at room temperature and 37 °C. The self-healing test revealed that the SH glove could be self-healed and retained its chemical resistance ability close to its pre-cut value. Our findings suggested that the developed SH glove with proven chemical resistance capability could be a new suitable safety glove for effectively handling pesticides and reducing glove waste generation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the suitability of self-healing rubber glove for safe handling of pesticides

Supramaniam

Low

Wong

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Malathion is a potent inhibitor of cholinesterase which interferes with the nerve impulse transmission manifested by headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, bradycardia etc. It causes cytotoxicity and genotoxicity by inducing oxidative stress on lymphocytes [ 22 ]. In literature there are innumerable reports on the protective effect of plant derived medicines and food which can effectively subdue the toxic effect of chemical mutagens in mammalian system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of genoprotection against malathion induced toxicity by Orthosiphon thymiflorus Sleesen

R¹,

Srinivas

Thoppil

2021

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

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Background Pesticide toxicity is considered to be one of the significant reason for increased incidence of cancer. Plants are treasure troves of active phytochemical compounds which are used as herbal medicine as well as nutraceuticals. Objective To evaluate the genoprotective potential of Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Sleesen, (Lamiaceae) against the toxicity induced by malathion by a battery of four in vivo assays in Swiss albino mice. Materials and methods Micronucleus assay was performed for analyzing the micronuclei induction and ratio of polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE/NCE). Anticlastogenic and mito depressive effect of the methanol and hexane extracts of O.thymiflorus were evaluated by chromosome aberration assay. Alkali comet assay was performed to assess double strand DNA repair. DNA damage sensing ability of the bone marrow cells were assessed by γ-H2AX foci formation. Phytochemical screening of hexane and methanol extract was done by GC–MS analysis. Result O. thymiflorus extracts showed a dose dependant protective effect in all assays. It significantly decreased the frequency of micronuclei and improved PCE/NCE value in post treated groups of animals. Malathion induced clastogenic aberrations were effectively attenuated by methanol and hexane extracts. DNA comet assay showed that malathion induced damage can be protected by O. thymiflorus extracts. Multiple foci formation in γ-H2AX assay confirmed the activation of DNA repair proteins in post treated animals. Conclusion Genoprotective effect of O. thymiflorus against malathion induced toxicity was confirmed. This study would be helpful to initiate more research including clinical using O. thymiflorus extract against pesticide induced toxicity.

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“…It is known that CAIII glutathiolation is increased under acute oxidative stress [59,60] as an early response to oxidative insult and essential component of cellular antioxidant defense. A number of pesticides are known to induce oxidative stress by overproduction of reactive species and alterations of antioxidant defenses in wildlife [45,61,62] and humans [63][64][65]. Therefore, these considerations open the perspective for possible development of CA III glutathionilation in the blood as an effect biomarker of the oxidative stress induced by the exposure to pesticides, suitable for application in occupational and environmental medicine.…”

Section: Potential Biomarker Of Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonic Anhydrase Sensitivity to Pesticides: Perspectives for Biomarker Development

Lionetto

Caricato

Giordano

2020

IJMS

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a widespread metalloenzyme playing a pivotal role in several physiological processes. Many studies have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of CA to the exposure to several classes of pesticides in both humans and wildlife. This review aims to analyze and to discuss the literature available in this field, providing a comprehensive view useful to foresee perspectives for the development of novel CA-based pesticide biomarkers. The analysis of the available data highlighted the ability of several pesticide molecules to interact directly with the enzyme in humans and wildlife and to inhibit CA activity in vitro and in vivo, with possible alterations of key physiological functions. The analysis disclosed key areas of further research and, at the same time, identified some perspectives for the development of novel CA-based sensitive biomarkers to pesticide exposure, suitable to be used in several fields from human biomonitoring in occupational and environmental medicine to environmental monitoring on non-target species.

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Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxicity of malathion in human lymphocytes

Cited by 21 publications

References 57 publications

Assessing the suitability of self-healing rubber glove for safe handling of pesticides

Assessing the suitability of self-healing rubber glove for safe handling of pesticides

Evaluation of genoprotection against malathion induced toxicity by Orthosiphon thymiflorus Sleesen

Carbonic Anhydrase Sensitivity to Pesticides: Perspectives for Biomarker Development

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