Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration: The Chicken, the Egg and the Dinosaur

Quinn, Peter M J; Ambrósio, António Francisco; Alves, Celso

doi:10.3390/antiox11081554

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…To this day, the most compelling evidence correlating RF exposure to biological effects with health consequences is the presence of oxidative stress in RF-exposed animals [ 14 , 15 ]. Oxidative stress was associated with neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease [ 16 ], amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [ 17 , 18 ], and Huntington’s disease [ 19 ]; thus, investigating further the effects of RF radiation the brain is crucial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Study of the Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on the Mouse Brain

Spandole-Dinu¹,

Catrina²,

Voinea

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The increasing radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation pollution resulting from the development and use of technologies utilizing RF has sparked debate about the possible biological effects of said radiation. Of particular concern is the potential impact on the brain, due to the close proximity of communication devices to the head. The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term exposure to RF on the brains of mice in a real-life scenario simulation compared to a laboratory setting. The animals were exposed continuously for 16 weeks to RF using a household Wi-Fi router and a laboratory device with a frequency of 2.45 GHz, and were compared to a sham-exposed group. Before and after exposure, the mice underwent behavioral tests (open-field test and Y-maze); at the end of the exposure period, the brain was harvested for histopathological analysis and assessment of DNA methylation levels. Long-term exposure of mice to 2.45 GHz RF radiation increased their locomotor activity, yet did not cause significant structural or morphological changes in their brains. Global DNA methylation was lower in exposed mice compared to sham mice. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these effects and to understand the potential effects of RF radiation on brain function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Study of the Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on the Mouse Brain

Spandole-Dinu¹,

Catrina²,

Voinea

et al. 2023

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…OH), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Although this is an unavoidable consequence of oxygen-dependent brain activity, if not controlled properly, it leads to oxidative stress and neurodegeneration [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Thus, maintaining proper oxygen homeostasis in brain tissues requires a balanced level of O 2 -derived free radicals and non-radicals [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, there is increased microglia activity, as well as increased neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase (NOX) signaling, along with the presence of autoxidizable neurotransmitters. This metabolism machinery generates hydrogen peroxide, high concentrations of peroxidable lipids, elevated levels of cytochrome P 450 , and the enrichment of brain tissues in redox-active transition metals such as Fe 2+ and Cu + [ 1 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 22 ]. All of this leads to potential stress that needs to be properly and safely regulated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unfolded Protein Response: A Double-Edged Sword for Brain Health

Gebert,

Sławski,

Kalinowski

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Efficient brain function requires as much as 20% of the total oxygen intake to support normal neuronal cell function. This level of oxygen usage, however, leads to the generation of free radicals, and thus can lead to oxidative stress and potentially to age-related cognitive decay and even neurodegenerative diseases. The regulation of this system requires a complex monitoring network to maintain proper oxygen homeostasis. Furthermore, the high content of mitochondria in the brain has elevated glucose demands, and thus requires a normal redox balance. Maintaining this is mediated by adaptive stress response pathways that permit cells to survive oxidative stress and to minimize cellular damage. These stress pathways rely on the proper function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular pathway responsible for normal ER function and cell survival. Interestingly, the UPR has two opposing signaling pathways, one that promotes cell survival and one that induces apoptosis. In this narrative review, we discuss the opposing roles of the UPR signaling pathways and how a better understanding of these stress pathways could potentially allow for the development of effective strategies to prevent age-related cognitive decay as well as treat neurodegenerative diseases.

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Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration: The Chicken, the Egg and the Dinosaur

Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive degeneration of the neuronal cells and their networks, hampering the function of the central or peripheral nervous system [...]

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Pilot Study of the Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on the Mouse Brain

Pilot Study of the Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on the Mouse Brain

The Unfolded Protein Response: A Double-Edged Sword for Brain Health

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