Oxidative Stress Response in Liver, Kidney and Gills of Ctenopharyngodon Idellus (Cuvier & Valenciennes) Exposed To Chlorpyrifos

Abstract

Study on the chronic effects of an organophosphate, chlorpyrifos inducing oxidative stress in freshwater culturable carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus has been made on exposure to sub-lethal concentration (1.4µg/L and 2.44µg/L) of the pesticide for 15, 30 and 60 days. Antioxidants viz. catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver, kidney and gills of the fish were analyzed. Studies revealed that the enhanced productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to oxidative damage to lipids & proteins, and inhibit antioxidant defence system of fish. The activity of LPO has followed an increasing trend and a decline in the activity of CAT, SOD and GSH at both the concentrations throughout the experiment. However, no definite trend in the activity of GST has been observed. Prolonged exposure to chlorpyrifos enhanced ROS formation, finally resulted in oxidative damage to cell and inhibited antioxidant capacities in the fish tissues.

Heavy metals, parasitologic and oxidative stress biomarker investigations in Heterotis niloticus from Lekki Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria

“…Increased MDA levels also be as a result of impairment in antioxidant enzymes due to enhanced ROS formation. This could lead to alterations in cell membrane and cellular dysfunction [ 79 ]. Furthermore, increase in antioxidant biomarker observed in the intestine and liver of H. niloticus could account for the marked lipid peroxidation observed.…”

Performance of pacu juveniles fed diets supplemented with L-carnitine

“…These substances allow measuring the lipid peroxidation in a tissue, whose high fat levels may include saturated fatty acids, which are substrates for lipid peroxidation (Yu et al, 2017). TBARS, when at a high level in the liver, indicates a reduction in the antioxidant status of fish tissues and, as representative compounds of the final products of the lipid peroxidation process, they increase and consequently cause damages to the cytoplasm (Kaur & Jindal, 2017). Therefore, the obtained results are indicative that, up to the level of 1,600 mg kg -1 L-carnitine in the diet, there is no alteration in the lipid peroxidation in the hepatic tissue.…”

Zingiber officinale and Glycyrrhiza glabra , individually or in combination, reduce heavy metal accumulation and improve growth performance and immune status in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…The exposure to environmental stresses such as pollution and contaminants can also predispose fish to infectious diseases because the immune system is a sensitive target to environmental pollution. Further, pollutants can induce oxidative stress and overwhelm the antioxidant defence mechanism of fish (Kaur, ; Lushchak, ; Schlenk & Benson, ; Stoliar & Lushchak, ).…”