Oxidative Stress Status in COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit for Severe Pneumonia. A Pilot Study

Pincemaïl, Joël; Cavalier, Étienne; Charlier, Corinne; Cheramy-Bien, Jean-Paul; Brevers, Eric; Courtois, Audrey; Fadeur, Marjorie; Meziane, Smail; Goff, Caroline Le; Benoît, Michel; Albert, Adelin; Defraigne, Jean-Olivier; Rousseau, Anne-Françoise

doi:10.3390/antiox10020257

Cited by 124 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Thiols are an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity ( Erel et al, 2020 ). The glutathione status was significantly altered downward in the COVID-19 patients ( Pincemail et al, 2021 ). The decrease in the thiol/disulphide ratio of the extracellular fluids could play an important role in promoting the physical (protein–protein) interaction of SARS-CoV-2 and the host cell in the airways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of antiviral drug therapy on dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide levels in COVID-19 patients

Mete

Koçak

Saracaloglu

et al. 2021

European Journal of Pharmacology

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a serious global pandemic. Although an oxidative stress imbalance occurs in COVID-19 patients, the contributions of thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide (NO) generation to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 have been poorly identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of antiviral drug therapy on the serum dynamics of thiol/disulphide homeostasis and NO levels in COVID-19 patients. A total of 50 adult patients with COVID-19 and 43 sex-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. Venous blood samples were collected immediately on admission to the hospital within 24 h after the diagnosis (pre-treatment) and at the 15th day of drug therapy (post-treatment). Serum native thiol and total thiol levels were measured, and the amounts of dynamic disulphide bonds and related ratios were calculated. The average pre-treatment total and native thiol levels were significantly lower than the post-treatment values (P < 0.001 for all). We observed no significant changes in disulphide levels or disulphide/total thiol, disulphide/native thiol, or native thiol/total thiol ratios between pre- and post-treatments. There was also a significant increase in serum NO levels in the pre-treatment values when compared to control (P < 0.001) and post-treatment measurements (P < 0.01). Our results strongly suggest that thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitrosative stress can contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. This study was the first to show that antiviral drug therapy can prevent the depletion in serum thiol levels and decrease serum NO levels in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of antiviral drug therapy on dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide levels in COVID-19 patients

Mete

Koçak

Saracaloglu

et al. 2021

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…In line, about 40% of septic shock patients have a vitamin C deficiency [23]. Clinical vitamin C deficiency has also been reported in patients with pneumonia [24] and recently for critical COVID-19 patients [25][26][27]. Therefore, to restore an adequate vitamin C status, the vitamin C requirement increases from 200 mg/d orally to about 6-7 g/d i.v.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ex Vivo Evaluation of the Sepsis Triple Therapy High-Dose Vitamin C in Combination with Vitamin B1 and Hydrocortisone in a Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) Model

et al. 2021

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Sepsis is an extremely complex clinical syndrome, usually involving an excessive inflammatory response including an overshooting cytokine release that damages tissue and organs of the patient. Due to the severity of this condition, it is estimated that over 11 million people die from sepsis each year. Despite intensive research in the field, there is still no specific therapy for sepsis. Many sepsis patients show a marked deficiency of vitamin C. 9 out of 10 sepsis patients have a hypovitaminosis C, and every third patient even shows a clinical deficiency in the scurvy range. In addition, low vitamin C levels of intensive care sepsis patients correlate with a higher need for vasopressors, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, and increased mortality. Based on this observation and the conducted clinical trials using vitamin C as sepsis therapy in intensive care patients, the aim of the present ex vivo study was to evaluate the effects of high-dose vitamin C alone and in a triple combination supplemented with vitamin B1 (thiamine) and hydrocortisone on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy human donors. We found that all corticosteroid combinations strongly reduced the cytokine response on RNA- and protein levels, while high-dose vitamin C alone significantly diminished the PBMC mediated secretion of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-10, IL-23, and monocyte chemo-attractant protein (MCP-1), which mediate the inflammatory response. However, vitamin C showed no enhancing effect on the secretion of further cytokines studied. This data provides important insights into the possible immunomodulatory function of vitamin C in an ex vivo setting of human PBMCs and the modulation of their cytokine profile in the context of sepsis. Since vitamin C is a vital micronutrient, the restoration of physiologically adequate concentrations should be integrated into routine sepsis therapy, and the therapeutic effects of supraphysiological concentrations of vitamin C in sepsis patients should be further investigated in clinical trials.

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“…On the other hand some studies did not show specific benefits after usage of vitamin c [14]. The aforementioned results are important because they are pertinent with the findings that VC plasma levels in COVID--19 patients are decreased or undetectable [15--17] and oxidant status is altered [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Common anti-oxidant vitamin C as an anti-infective agent with remedial role on SARS-CoV-2 infection. An update

Michailides

Velissaris

2021

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis

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Coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) has led to a worldwide multifaceted crisis. The medical world agonizes to contend with the problem, but a string of tested medications has been proven unavailing. Vitamin C is well described as a salutary antioxidant and some trials conclude that it may be a potential antiviral drug. In high doses, Vitamin C can alternate crucial steps in the pathogenesis of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This dynamic was the driving force behind trials around the world that tried immunonutrition as a weapon against clinical entities. We summarize the mechanisms of action of Vitamin C and its role against infections and the current literature referring to the potential role of Vitamin C in SARS-CoV-2 infection, also as a contingent treatment agent.

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Oxidative Stress Status in COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit for Severe Pneumonia. A Pilot Study

Cited by 124 publications

References 90 publications

Effects of antiviral drug therapy on dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide levels in COVID-19 patients

Effects of antiviral drug therapy on dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide levels in COVID-19 patients

Ex Vivo Evaluation of the Sepsis Triple Therapy High-Dose Vitamin C in Combination with Vitamin B1 and Hydrocortisone in a Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) Model

Common anti-oxidant vitamin C as an anti-infective agent with remedial role on SARS-CoV-2 infection. An update

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