Oxide Ceramics for Biomedical Applications

Piconi, C.; Maccauro, Giulio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.02151-2

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The advancements in dimensional accuracy with high precision of manufactured objects made DLP the best choice to create prototypes and casts [57]. Biocompatibility of ceramic powders, such as zirconia [134] and alumina [150], opened the way to the use of DLPprinted ceramics for medical applications. The technology is popular among dentists to customize orthodontic models and develop implants, bridges, and teeth [151].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing by digital light processing: a review

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing is a layer-by-layer strategy enabling the advanced design and fabrication of complex 3D objects and structures, overcoming geometry limitations and reducing waste production compared to conventional technologies. Among various additive manufacturing technologies, digital light processing (DLP), is an additive manufacturing technology used to print photopolymer parts, using a projected light source to cure an entire layer at once. Initially developed for pure resins, recent advances have demonstrated the potential of DLP in the polymerization of ceramic and metal-loaded suspensions, enabling the fabrication of ceramic and metal components after proper debinding and sintering. Such flexibility increases the potential of DLP for different applications, ranging from dental implants and bone scaffolds to smart biomaterials for soft robotics, smart wearables, and microfluidic devices. The review provides an overview of DLP technology and its recent advances; specifically, the review covers the photopolymer properties, the ceramic and metallic feedstock preparation, and the light-matter interaction mechanism underpinning the printing and post-processing steps. Finally, a description of the current application is provided and complemented with future perspectives.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing by digital light processing: a review

et al. 2022

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“…The most successful representative of ZTAs in medicine was developed by Burger [31]. It is known under the brand name of BIOLOX ® delta (CeramTec Medical Products Division, Plochingen, Germany) now in clinical use since about 15 years in the production of ball heads and inserts for THR bearings, that have been implanted in over 4,5 million cases [32]. BIOLOX ® delta is today considered the ceramic golden standard for THRs bearings.…”

Section: Oxide Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SHA platelet-shaped grains homogenously dispersed in the ceramic composite microstructure provide an additional barrier to crack propagation. These materials are also called ZPTA, Zirconia Platelet Toughened Alumina, and so far several companies are proposing ZPTAs obtained by their own processes and precursors [32] (see Table 3).…”

Section: Oxide Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinert Ceramics: State-of-the-Art

Piconi

2017

KEM

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Bioinert ceramics in use today are the result of more than 60 years of continuous development. Early studies were concentrated on alumina that in the late 1960s was the most advanced ceramic, and on pyrolytic carbon. After tests in orthopedic bearings, pyrolytic carbon found clinical applications in artificial heart valves, where it is in clinical use so far. After 1970 zirconia-toughened ceramics (YTZP, ZTA, ATZ) were investigated in view of their use as biomaterials in orthopedics. Especially the introduction of YTZP in clinics in the 1990s gave a new momentum to the use of inert bioceramics. So far, zirconia-toughened ceramics are replacing alumina because of their outstanding mechanical properties leading to high reliability in ceramic components. The behavior of ZTAs and ATZs are exploited in several innovative devices. Especially metal-free devices are of interest, because of the increasing number of patients sensitized to metals. Using zirconia-toughened ceramics were achieved remarkable development in ceramic knee replacements, a field pioneered by Japanese researchers, because the behavior of these materials allow the production of devices similar in size to the metallic ones. In dentistry, a number of manufacturers are marketing metal-free dental implants, as well as machinable zirconia blanks for the production of crowns, bridges, copings by CAD/CAM. Besides oxides, that in todays’ orthopedics and dentistry are the state-of-the-art bioinert ceramics, silicon nitride has found application in spinal surgery, and investigations in view of its use in joint replacement bearings are in progress.

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“…The system of zirconia (ZrO 2 )-alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) is gaining increasing attention due to its inherent intrinsic properties and hence its applicability in structural and biomedical ceramics [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 system, ZrO 2 reinforced with Al 2 O 3 particles, called ATZ (alumina toughened zirconia), was found to be more effective in enhancing the mechanical properties when compared to its monoclinic counterparts [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Aging of ATZ Composites Based on Zirconia Made of Powders with Different Yttria Content

et al. 2021

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The presented work concerns the development and investigation of three different grades of ZrO2 materials containing Al2O3 particles (ATZ-Alumina Toughened Zirconia ceramics with 2.3–20 vol.% of alumina). The zirconia powders containing 3 mol.% of yttria were synthesized by a precipitation/calcination method and fabricated from two different zirconia powders with different yttria content. Then, the selected ATZ composites (ATZ-B, ATZ-10 and ATZ-20) were prepared by means of conventional mixing, compacting and sintering at 1450 °C for 1.5 h. The phase composition, microstructure, relative density and basic mechanical properties were determined. Uniform microstructures with relative densities over 99% of theoretical density, hardness values between 12.0–13.8 GPa, flexural strength up to 1 GPa and outstanding fracture toughness of 12.7 MPa⋅m1/2 were obtained. The aging susceptibility of alumina toughened zirconia materials, as a consequence of hydrothermal treatment, was investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of LTD (low temperature degradation) on the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transitions and on the flexural strength of hydrothermally aged specimens. The results were compared to those obtained for commercially available tetragonal zirconia-based materials containing 3 mol.% of yttria. This research shows that ATZ composites that have excellent mechanical properties and sufficient hydrothermal aging resistance can be attained and later used in technical and biomedical applications.

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Oxide Ceramics for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Additive manufacturing by digital light processing: a review

Additive manufacturing by digital light processing: a review

Bioinert Ceramics: State-of-the-Art

Hydrothermal Aging of ATZ Composites Based on Zirconia Made of Powders with Different Yttria Content

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