There is an increasing interest in
the use of small organic molecules
in the interconversion between chemical and electrical energies. Among
the strategies to improve the processes of yielding electrical energy
in fuel cells and the production of cleaner hydrogen in electrochemical
reform, there is the use of kinetic instabilities to improve the conversion
and selectivity. Herein, we report on the electrocatalytic efficiency
of the oxidation of ethylene glycol, glycerol, and glucose, under
regular and oscillatory regimes, on polycrystalline platinum, in sulfuric
acid aqueous solution, and at 25 °C. Despite the high overpotentials for the electro-oxidation of
these molecules, the electrochemical activity along quasi-stationary
potentio-/galvanostatic experiments evidenced that, in all cases,
relatively lower potential values, and thus higher activity, are reached
during oscillations. Noticeably, higher power densities for the electro-oxidation
of ethylene glycol and glycerol under the oscillatory regime were
found in a hypothetical direct liquid fuel cell. The use of identical
experimental conditions of that of our previous study [J.
Phys. Chem. C,
2016,
120, 22365]
allowed to discuss some universal trends for seven small organic molecules.
We compile the results in terms of the peak current, the maximum poisoning
rate found along the oscillations, and the oscillation frequency.
The three parameters were found to decrease in the order: formaldehyde
> formic acid > methanol > ethanol > ethylene glycol >
glycerol >
glucose. In addition, we discussed the increase of the voltammetric
current due to the self-organized poisoning rate and reinforced the
trend that high electrocatalytic activity implies high susceptibility
to surface poisoning for this set of species. Finally, the analysis
done for all species (formic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, ethylene
glycol, ethanol, glycerol, and glucose) adds to the available thermodynamic
data and is a benchmark against which the activities under the oscillatory
regime at 25 °C may be compared or assessed. This point of reference
permits to explore further experimental conditions that are relevant
for energy-related devices, including the conversion of chemical into
electrical energy and the electrochemical reform to produce clean
hydrogen in electrolyzers.