Oxide Inclusion Control in Ladle and Tundish for Producing Clean Stainless Steel.

Hojo, Masatake; Nakao, Ryuji; Umezaki, Tsuyoshi; Kawai, Hiroyuki; Tanaka, Shigenori; Fukumoto, Shigeo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.36.suppl_s128

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Many researchers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have studied tensile strength and elongation because the high temperature physical properties of carbon steel were necessary for prediction and control of the stress in the solidified shell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Deformation Behavior of Peritectic Carbon Steel during Solidification.

Mizukami¹,

Yamanaka²,

Watanabe³

2002

ISIJ International

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Phase dependence of tensile strength of Fe-C binary steel and peritectic carbon steel during and after solidification has been studied by a technique for high temperature tensile testing. The experimental technique enabled a sample to melt and solidify without a crucible, and the measurement of a minute load in a solidification temperature range became possible. A numerical model for the analysis of phase transformation during and after solidification was developed with the assumption that local equilibrium holds at liquid/solid interface or d/g phase interface.The zero strength temperature was in agreement with zero ductility temperature, and both of these temperatures appeared at the fraction solid of 0.8. Both the tensile strength and elongation of Fe-C binary steel were dependent on the phase state but not on carbon contents. The strain which seems to cause cracks in continuously cast steel slabs for the peritectic carbon steel is predicted to be generated during solidification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Deformation Behavior of Peritectic Carbon Steel during Solidification.

Mizukami¹,

Yamanaka²,

Watanabe³

2002

ISIJ International

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“…In addition, the MgAl 2 O 4 spinel inclusion, which generally formed during the ladle refining process, potentially causes nozzle clogging as well as surface defects in products. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Hence, it is crucial to predict and control the inclusion composition during the ladle refining process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Specifically, Park et al [8][9][10][11][12][13] reported the formation mechanism of spinel inclusion and suggested versatile countermeasures during stainless steel refining and casting processes. Todoroki and Mizno reported that silica in the slag enhanced the formation of spinel inclusions and suppressed extensive reduction of CaO in the slag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CaO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Ratio of Ladle Slag on Formation Behavior of Inclusions in Mn and V Alloyed Steel

Shin

Park

2018

ISIJ Int.

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The effect of CaO/Al 2 O 3 ( = C/A) ratio of the ladle slag on the formation behavior of non-metallic inclusions in the Mn-V-alloyed steel was investigated using both the experimental method and refractory-slagmetal-inclusion (ReSMI) multiphase reactions simulation. The formation behavior of inclusion was strongly affected by the activity of MgO in the initial slag at the early stage of the reaction. However, since the MgO activity converged to unity due to MgO dissolution from refractory to slag during the reaction, the formation behavior of inclusion was affected by the activity of CaO and Al 2 O 3 in the slag rather than that of MgO at the final stage of the reaction. From the experimental results and ReSMI multiphase reaction model, the formation behavior of inclusions could be divided into three cases according to the C/A ratio of the slag as follows; 1) C/A < 1.5; Alumina → Spinel → Spinel + Liquid oxide, 2) 1.5 < C/A < 2.5; Alumina → Spinel → Liquid oxide, 3) C/A > 3.0; Alumina → Spinel → Liquid oxide → Magnesia. Therefore, it was concluded that the C/A ratio of the ladle slag should be controlled from about 1.5 to 2.5 in order to suppress the harmful solid inclusions such as spinel during secondary refining processes.KEY WORDS: Mn-V-alloyed steel; non-metallic inclusions; secondary refining; ladle slag; refractory-slagmetal-inclusion (ReSMI) multiphase reactions simulation; MgAl 2 O 4 spinel.

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“…In actual processes, to avoid the formation of this high melting point spinel phase, it is also recommended to use Al-free ferro-alloys and to reduce MgO content in AOD slag. 1,8) …”

Section: Mechanism Of Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weight of entrapped AOD slag in stainless steelmaking process is regarded as 65 to 100 g/ ton-steel. 1,8,9) In the present study, 80 g/ton-steel of entrapped slag was assumed. Figure 8 shows the equilibrium relations of Al-O in a type 430 stainless steel melt for two different temperatures of 1 923 and 1 773 K at AOD tapping and tundish (T/D), respectively.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thermodynamic Study on the Inclusion Formation in Ferritic Stainless Steel Melt

et al. 2004

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A type 430 stainless steel melt containing different Al levels was equilibrated with an AOD type slag saturated with Al 2 O 3 or MgO to clarify the formation mechanism of slag-type inclusions containing MgO · Al 2 O 3 spinel. The Al-O deoxidation equilibrium in the stainless steel melt was examined as a function of melt temperature to check the validity of available thermodynamic data, and to estimate the secondary deoxidation by Al picked up from the ladle slag. During the temperature drop from AOD to tundish, a small amount of entrapped AOD slag particles in molten steel can easily change their composition to a level where the MgO · Al 2 O 3 spinel can crystallize. The refractory material, MgO or Al 2 O 3 for a ladle, is one of critical factors to affect the Al level in the melt, and hence the formation of MgO · Al 2 O 3 spinel inclusions in the final products.KEY WORDS: stainless steel; inclusion; MgO · Al 2 O 3 spinel; secondary deoxidation; AOD slag. Fig. 1. SEM image and EDS analysis of a slag-type inclusion in stainless steel.

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Oxide Inclusion Control in Ladle and Tundish for Producing Clean Stainless Steel.

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

High Temperature Deformation Behavior of Peritectic Carbon Steel during Solidification.

High Temperature Deformation Behavior of Peritectic Carbon Steel during Solidification.

Effect of CaO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Ratio of Ladle Slag on Formation Behavior of Inclusions in Mn and V Alloyed Steel

A Thermodynamic Study on the Inclusion Formation in Ferritic Stainless Steel Melt

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