Oxygen and Nutrient Exchanges at the Sediment-Water Interface: a Global Synthesis and Critique of Estuarine and Coastal Data

Boynton, Walter R.; Ceballos, M. A. C.; Bailey, Eva M.; Hodgkins, C. L. S.; Humphrey, Jennifer L.; Testa, Jeremy M.

doi:10.1007/s12237-017-0275-5

Cited by 84 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Similarly, DIP mass balances for a shallow Danish estuary indicated no substantial legacy P release after reduced external P loading, but rather a close link between P loading and summer DIP release (Staehr et al, 2017). Boynton et al (2018) reviewed global estuarine and coastal sediment-water flux data and found only a few time series long enough to evaluate remedy actions. In Boston Harbor and Chesapeake Bay sediment processes responded quickly to load reductions and did not exhibit long-term legacy effects.…”

Section: Legacy P Release and Long-term P Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effective P-binding capacity will then be regained only slowly, as the Fe pool is replenished. Early investigations show that IA sediments were anoxic long before the rapidly increasing loads of organic matter and nutrients in the mid-20th century (Brattberg, 1986). Hydrogen sulfide was recorded as early as 1909 and was present in the inner parts of the IA (Norrström-Höggarnsfjärden) on all 10 sampling occasions in 1909-1913 and on 40 out of 50 occasions in 1930-1944(Anonymous, 1945.…”

Section: Seasonal Deep-water P and O 2 Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), has historically received high nutrient loading in the form of sewage from the Stockholm area (Brattberg, 1986) and with fresh water from Lake Mälaren (at LM in Fig. 1), which drains a large inland area with agriculture, forests and several small to medium towns (< 150 000 inhabitants).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), which drains a large inland area with agriculture, forests and several small to medium towns (< 150 000 inhabitants). Due to increasing discharges of mostly untreated sewage, water quality in the archipelago had deteriorated seriously by the mid-20th century (Brattberg, 1986;Schindler and Vallentyne, 2008). In the early 1970's, effective BOD (biological oxygen demand) reduction and chemical P precipitation was implemented in the major sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Stockholm and around Lake Mälaren (Karlgren and Ljungström, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the early 1970's, effective BOD (biological oxygen demand) reduction and chemical P precipitation was implemented in the major sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Stockholm and around Lake Mälaren (Karlgren and Ljungström, 1975). Archipelago water quality then improved rapidly, with P concentrations and phytoplankton biomass, particularly of cyanobacteria, decreasing substantially in a few years (Anonymous, 1975;Karlgren and Ljungström, 1975;Brattberg, 1986;Johansson and Wallström, 2001). After Sweden's accession to the European Union, the two largest STPs discharging to the inner Stockholm archipelago installed N removal in 1996, which also slightly improved P removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Baltic Sea estuary as a phosphorus source and sink after drastic load reduction: seasonal and long-term mass balances for the Stockholm inner archipelago for 1968–2015

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Internal phosphorus (P) loading from sediments, controlled by hypoxia, is often assumed to hamper the recovery of lakes and coastal areas from eutrophication. In the early 1970s, the external P load to the inner archipelago of Stockholm, Sweden (Baltic Sea), was drastically reduced by improved sewage treatment, but the internal P loading and its controlling factors have been poorly quantified. We use two slightly different four-layer box models to calculate the area's seasonal and annual P balance (input-export) and the internal P exchange with sediments in 1968-2015. For 10-20 years after the main P load reduction, there was a negative P balance, small in comparison to the external load, and probably due to release from legacy sediment P storage. Later, the stabilized, near-neutral P balance indicates no remaining internal loading from legacy P, but P retention is low, despite improved oxygen conditions. Seasonally, sediments are a P sink in spring and a P source in summer and autumn. Most of the deep-water P release from sediments in summer-autumn appears to be derived from the settled spring bloom and is exported to outer areas during winter. Oxygen consumption and P release in the deep water are generally tightly coupled, indicating limited iron control of P release. However, enhanced P release in years of deep-water hypoxia suggests some contribution from redox-sensitive P pools. Increasing deep-water temperatures that stimulate oxygen consumption rates in early summer have counteracted the effect of lowered organic matter sedimentation on oxygen concentrations. Since the P turnover time is short and legacy P small, measures to bind P in Stockholm inner archipelago sediments would primarily accumulate recent P inputs, imported from the Baltic Sea and from Lake Mälaren.

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Section: Legacy P Release and Long-term P Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seasonal Deep-water P and O 2 Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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