Oxygen availability and growth of the chick embryo

Metcalfe, James; McCutcheon, Ian E.; Francisco, David L.; Metzenberg, Aı̈da; Welch, J. E.

doi:10.1016/0034-5687(81)90091-8

Cited by 94 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Since H 2 O 2 is a key to determining the redox environment of cells and tissues, OTf should now be viewed as a key enzyme involved in the establishment of the cellular redox environment and thereby the biological status of chicken egg during embryogenesis. Consistent with the fact that embryo development, in chicken [46,47] and mammals [48], is hyperoxic requiring robust antioxidant protection. Also a neuronal form of OTf, called sciatin [49,50] and its homolog Lf [19] are commonly synthesized by brain tissue and their expression is enhanced upon oxidative stress.…”

Section: •−supporting

confidence: 69%

Ovotransferrin possesses SOD-like superoxide anion scavenging activity that is promoted by copper and manganese binding

Ibrahim

Hoq

Aoki

2007

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Section: •−supporting

confidence: 69%

Ovotransferrin possesses SOD-like superoxide anion scavenging activity that is promoted by copper and manganese binding

Ibrahim

Hoq

Aoki

2007

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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“…Any complete assessment of the precise effects of variation in oxygen levels on the evolution of body size would take these into account as well. However, the ability of many animals to grow normally under experimental conditions of extremely high pC<2 (e.g., Herman and Ingermann 1996;Metcalfe et al 1981;Stock et al 1983) suggests that the stress of oxidative damage is comparatively minor, at least over Schematic illustration of how variation in atmospheric oxygen concentrations could affect energetically determined minimum, optimum, and maximum sizes. In this case, cost is assumed to be a linear function of mass, whereas intake is assumed to scale allometrically with mass with a scaling exponent less than one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most pronounced acceleration of growth under experimental hyperoxia occurred in the domestic chicken (Metcalfe et al 1981;Stock et al 1983), a species which has been bred specifically for rapid growth. In studies finding size effects associated with both hypoxia and hyperoxia, the magnitude of change in body size under hyperoxia has been much less than that observed under hypoxia (Frazier et al 2001;Owerkowicz et al 2009).…”

Section: Experiments On Oxygen and Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

The evolutionary consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis: a body size perspective

et al. 2010

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The high concentration of molecular oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is arguably the most conspicuous and geologically important signature of life. Earth's early atmosphere lacked oxygen; accumulation began after the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis in cyanobacteria around 3.0-2.5 billion years ago (Gya). Concentrations of oxygen have since varied, first reaching near-modern values ~600 million years ago (Mya). These fluctuations have been hypothesized to constrain many biological patterns, among them the evolution of body size. Here, we review the state of knowledge relating oxygen availability to body size. Laboratory studies increasingly illuminate the mechanisms by which organisms can adapt physiologically to the variation in oxygen availability, but the extent to which these findings can be extrapolated to evolutionary timescales remains poorly understood. Experiments confirm that animal size is limited by experimental hypoxia, but show that plant vegetative growth is enhanced due to

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“…Similar gas mixtures can be used to investigate the effects of atmospheric hyperoxia on the biomechanics and physiology of flight in extant volant forms. Phenotypic plasticity in the respiratory system of insects (195)(196)(197) and vertebrates (198)(199)(200)(201)(202)(203)(204) suggests widespread occurrence of ontogenetic as well as short-term and chronic physiological flexibility in response to variable oxygen availability. Over evolutionary time scales, artificial selection for enhanced flight performance in Drosophila (205) can be imposed in different gas mixtures that decouple the effects of hyperoxia from those associated with a hyperdense flight medium (25,194).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary Physiology of Animal Flight: Paleobiological and Present Perspectives

Dudley

2000

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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Recent geophysical analyses suggest the presence of a late Paleozoic oxygen pulse beginning in the late Devonian and continuing through to the late Carboniferous. During this period, plant terrestrialization and global carbon deposition resulted in a dramatic increase in atmospheric oxygen levels, ultimately yielding concentrations potentially as high as 35% relative to the contemporary value of 21%. Such hyperoxia of the late Paleozoic atmosphere may have physiologically facilitated the initial evolution of insect flight metabolism. Widespread gigantism in late Paleozoic insects and other arthropods is also consistent with enhanced oxygen flux within diffusion-limited tracheal systems. Because total atmospheric pressure increases with increased oxygen partial pressure, concurrently hyperdense conditions would have augmented aerodynamic force production in early forms of flying insects. By the late Permian, evolution of decompositional microbial and fungal communities, together with disequilibrium in rates of carbon deposition, gradually reduced oxygen concentrations to values possibly as low as 15%. The disappearance of giant insects by the end of the Permian is consistent with extinction of these taxa for reasons of asphyxiation on a geological time scale. As with winged insects, the multiple historical origins of vertebrate flight in the late Jurassic and Cretaceous correlate temporally with periods of elevated atmospheric oxygen. Much discussion of flight performance in Archaeopteryx assumes a contemporary atmospheric composition. Elevated oxygen levels in the mid-to late Mesozoic would, however, have facilitated aerodynamic force production and enhanced muscle power output for ancestral birds, as well as for precursors to bats and pterosaurs.

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Oxygen availability and growth of the chick embryo

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Ovotransferrin possesses SOD-like superoxide anion scavenging activity that is promoted by copper and manganese binding

Ovotransferrin possesses SOD-like superoxide anion scavenging activity that is promoted by copper and manganese binding

The evolutionary consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis: a body size perspective

The Evolutionary Physiology of Animal Flight: Paleobiological and Present Perspectives

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