Two new eight-layer hexagonal perovskites
with the composition
Ba8MNb6O24 (M = Fe and Cu) are synthesized
by solid-state reaction at 1350–1400 °C. Their crystal
structures have been investigated using X-ray and electron diffractions
as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Although
both compounds have similar M2+ size, Ba8FeNb6O24 and Ba8CuNb6O24 adopt shifted and twinned structures, respectively. Through comparison
with the reported shifted Ba8MNb6O24 (M = Mn, Co, and Zn) and twinned Ba8NiNb6O24 as well as inexistent Ba8Mg(Nb/Ta)6O24, we elucidate that the twin–shift competition
of Ba8MNb6O24 family could be related
with multiple chemical factors including tolerance factors, B-cationic
size difference, entropy variation with B-cation and vacancy disorder,
Jahn–Teller distortion, and FSO B–B d orbit interactions.