2022
DOI: 10.1113/ep090463
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Oxygen: Making molecules for a mission to the Moon and Mars

Abstract: We humans can literally thank our lucky stars for those heavier elements needed to create DNA, specifically carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous and sulphur (CHNOPS), forged inside the nuclear furnaces of dying stars that implode leaving behind supernova remnants (Bailey, 2020). Since the first cosmic whiff and most distant detection of O jettisoned by the galaxy MACS1149-JD1 ∼13.28 billion years ago at a time when the universe was <2% of its current age (Hashimoto et al., 2018), this element has be… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…And when it comes to extreme environments, for which Experimental Physiology has an established track record, space certainly sweeps the superlatives. Since the first human spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1 on 12 April 1961, it has become increasingly clear that the extremes of gravitational shifts, ionising radiation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, celestial dust, decompression sickness, physical inactivity, malnutrition, and confinement pose unique physiological challenges that collectively threaten not only mission success but more importantly, human survival (Afshinnekoo et al, 2020;Bailey et al, 2021;Bailey and Carpenter, 2022). The ambition to push into unchartered territories culminating in a (wo)manned mission to Mars some ~55 to 400 million km from Earth (orbit dependent), has called into action an urgent need to provide deeper "phenotyping" of each of these risks and their integrated physiological impact.…”
Section: Exploring Uncharted Territoriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…And when it comes to extreme environments, for which Experimental Physiology has an established track record, space certainly sweeps the superlatives. Since the first human spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1 on 12 April 1961, it has become increasingly clear that the extremes of gravitational shifts, ionising radiation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, celestial dust, decompression sickness, physical inactivity, malnutrition, and confinement pose unique physiological challenges that collectively threaten not only mission success but more importantly, human survival (Afshinnekoo et al, 2020;Bailey et al, 2021;Bailey and Carpenter, 2022). The ambition to push into unchartered territories culminating in a (wo)manned mission to Mars some ~55 to 400 million km from Earth (orbit dependent), has called into action an urgent need to provide deeper "phenotyping" of each of these risks and their integrated physiological impact.…”
Section: Exploring Uncharted Territoriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…And when it comes to extreme environments, for which Experimental Physiology has an established track record, space certainly sweeps the superlatives. Since the first human spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1 on 12 April 1961, it has become increasingly clear that the extremes of gravitational shifts, ionising radiation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, celestial dust, decompression sickness, physical inactivity, malnutrition, and confinement pose unique physiological challenges that collectively threaten not only mission success but more importantly, human survival (Afshinnekoo et al, 2020;Bailey et al, 2021;Bailey and Carpenter, 2022). The ambition to push into unchartered territories culminating in a (wo)manned mission to Mars some ~55 to 400 million km from Earth (orbit dependent), has called into action an urgent need to provide deeper "phenotyping" of each of these risks and their integrated physiological impact.…”
Section: Exploring Uncharted Territoriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, it seems that we will not be able to breathe easy after all and that, paradoxically, it won't be the (short-term) rise but the (longer-term) loss of CO 2 that will threaten our O 2 supply. The story is clearly complex, and we need to spare a thought for where these physiologic gases have been and, of equal importance, where they are going, forcing our hand to look to the stars for an alternative supply (Bailey & Carpenter, 2022).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%