Oxygen Redox Chemistry in Rechargeable Li-Ion and Na-Ion Batteries

Enhancing the Reversibility of Lattice Oxygen Redox Through Modulated Transition Metal–Oxygen Covalency for Layered Battery Electrodes

“…[ 4 ] However, it has been found that the OR activities for both Li‐ion and Na‐ion systems are frequently accompanied with irreversible oxygen gas release, radical oxygen evolution, and surface reactions, resulting in performance decays in both voltage fade and capacity decay. [ 5 ] In the meantime, several works have clarified that some of these detrimental effects are not related to the reversible OR reactions in the bulk lattice, hereafter called “lattice OR.” [ 6 ] Therefore, it is critical to distinguish the lattice OR from other oxygen activities through reliable characterization techniques, and more importantly, improve the reversibility of lattice OR through rational design rules to achieve high‐performance cathodes.…”

Micron-sized single-crystal cathodes for sodium-ion batteries

“…This eventually leads to poor cycling and low thermal stability ( Goikolea et al., 2020 ; Han et al., 2015 ; Liu et al., 2019 ; Ortiz-Vitoriano et al., 2017 ; Song and Kendrick, 2021 ; Xiao et al., 2021 ). Unlike in LIBs, some of the layered oxide cathode materials in SIBs suffer from oxygen redox (again depending on the structure type, composition, and charging voltage limit), which can trigger oxygen release in the charged state, aggravate the parasitic reactions, and result in lower thermal stability ( Kang et al., 2020 ; Maitra et al., 2018 ; Rahman and Lin, 2021 ). Further, Na x MO 2 -type layered oxides show low chemical stability in the ambient atmosphere ( Zuo et al., 2020 ).…”

Na2.4Al0.4Mn2.6O7 anionic redox cathode material for sodium-ion batteries – a combined experimental and theoretical approach to elucidate its charge storage mechanism

“…Therefore, the kinetically limited process seems to be related to the high voltage oxygen redox activity, which has been described as a rate-determining step in the charge/discharge process. 60 Nyquist plots for Na 2.4 Al 0.4 Mn 2.6 O 2 and Na 2 Mn 3 O 7 showed larger charge-transfer resistance values for the former, becoming even more evident after 100 cycles (Fig. S17 and S18†).…”