Oxygen-Stable Hemolysins of Group A Streptococci VIII. Leukotoxic and Antiphagocytic Effects of Streptolysins S and O

Ofek, Itzhak; Bergner-Rabinowitz, S; Ginsburg, Isaac

doi:10.1128/iai.6.4.459-464.1972

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Zucker-Franklin (29) and Hirsch et al (15) reported effects on rabbit granulocytes within 1 min of exposure to SLO. Similar data were reported for SLO action on mouse macrophages (11,22). Hirsch et al (15) found that streptolysin S (SLS) caused its effects on rabbit granulocytes in 15 to 30 min.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…No lag phase was evident. Similar data have been obtained for other bacterial hemolysins (1,10,16,22). The leukocidal effect of staphylococcal gamma-hemolysin on human leukocytes has also been shown to proceed without a lag phase (10).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Hirsch et al (15) found that streptolysin S (SLS) caused its effects on rabbit granulocytes in 15 to 30 min. Ofek et al (22) reported that the time necessary for SLS to exert its effect on mouse peritoneal macrophages was dependent on the carrier molecule to which it was complexed. The effects of cell-bound SLS on macrophages are discernible within 10 min, whereas the effects seen with RNA SLS and serum SLS take 15 to 30 min and 45 to 60 min, respectively, to develop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin on human peripheral leukocyte viability in vitro

Cavalieri¹,

Snyder²

1982

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To gain further evidence that Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin has a role in pathogenesis, its effect on human peripheral leukocyte viability was studied in vitro. Viability of leukocytes exposed to low doses of alpha-hemolysin decreased nearly 10-fold within 15 min of exposure. This response was dose and time dependent and was neutralized by antiserum, heat, proteases, and lipase. To gain further evidence that alpha-hemolysin was the molecule responsible for leukotoxicity, preparations of alpha-hemolysin were passed through a hydrophobic interaction chromatographic column. Alpha-hemolysin prepared in this way retained its leukotoxic activity. Both hemolytic and leukotoxic activities copurified at the same ratio and were inactivated to the same degree by heating at 56 degrees C. Lysis of leukocytes, if it occurs in vivo, would enhance the chances of survival for an invading hemolytic E. coli.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin on human peripheral leukocyte viability in vitro

Cavalieri¹,

Snyder²

1982

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…pyogenes infections is unknown. Several investigations of bacterial haemolysins have shown that haemolysins can have leucocytic functions, influence phagocytosis or chemotaxis, or have metabolic activity (OFEK et al, 1972; VAN Errs and ANDERSEN, 1974;ANDERSEN and DUNCAN, 1980). KUME et al (1986) presented data suggesting that the heat-stable haemolysin of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae affects cell viability and phagocytic ability of porcine pulmonary macrophages in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Further Characterization of a Haemolysin of Actinomyces pyogenes

Ding

Lämmler

1996

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary A haemolysin produced by Actinomyces pyogenes ATCC 8164 was purified from culture supernatant by ammonium sulphate and polyethylene glycol precipitation, ion‐exchange chromatography on DEAE‐Sephacel, and fast‐protein‐liquid‐chromatography on Superose 12 prep grade. The purified haemolysin, designated as pyolysin, displayed a single band on poly‐acrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating a molecular weight of 55000. Additionally, using gel filtration, the same molecular weight was estimated. Further studies of the eluate of ion‐exchange chromatography using isoelectric focusing also revealed a single protein band at pH 9.38 with haemolytic activity. A specific antiserum produced against pyolysin inhibited the haemolytic activity. The purity of the isolated protein was also determined by Western Blot analysis with antiserum obtained from a cow inoculated with culture supernatant from A. pyogenes and Peptococcus indolicus. The isolated pyolysin appeared to be heat‐labile and displayed cytotoxic effects on poly‐morphonuclear leucocytes and on pTK2 kidney cells.

show abstract

“…Therefore, it can be speculated that both SLS and SLO, which diffuse away from the proliferating streptococci, might intercept migrating neutrophils to injure their lysosomes, causing massive exocytosis even before the neutro-phi1 has a chance to intercept, phagocytize, and kill the bacteria. Indeed, both SLS and SLO were found to strongly inhibit phagocytosis by human neutrophils (59). These "long-range missiles" can, therefore, eliminate the phagocyte's bactericidal armaments.…”

Section: Sls Acts In Synergic With Oxidants and With Proteinases To Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Is streptolysin S of group A streptococci a virulence factor?

Ginsburg

1999

APMIS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ginsburg I. Is streptolysin S of group A streptococci a virulence factor? Review article. APMIS 1999: 107: 105 1-9.The possible role played by streptolysin S (SLS) of group A streptococci in the pathophysiology of streptococcal infections and in post-streptococcal sequelae is discussed. The following properties of SLS justify its definition as a distinct virulence factor: 1) its presence on the streptococcus surface in a cell-bound form, 2) its continuous and prolonged synthesis by resting streptococci, 3) its nonimmunogenicity, 4) its extractability by serum proteins (albumin, alpha lipoprotein), 5) its ability to become transferred directly to target cells while being protected from inhibitory agents in the milieu of inflammation, 6) its ability to bore holes in the membrane phospholipids in a large variety of mammalian cells, 7) its ability to synergize with oxidants, proteolytic enzymes, and with additional host-derived proinflammatory agonists, and 8) its absence in streptococcal mutants associated with a lower pathogenicity for animals. Because tissue damage in streptococcal and post-streptococcal sequelae might be the end result of a distinct synergism between streptococcal and host-derived proinflammatory agonists it is proposed that only cocktails of anti-inflammatory agents including distinct inhibitors of SLS (phospholipids), gamma globulin, inhibitors of reactive oxygen species, proteinases, cationic proteins cytokines etc., will be effective in inhibiting the multiple synergistic interactions which lead to fasciitis, myositis and the flesh-eating syndromes, and often develop into sepsis, septic shock and multiple organ failure. The creation of mutants deficient in SLS and in proteases will help shed light on the specific role played by SLS in the virulence of group A hemolytic streptococci.

show abstract

Oxygen-Stable Hemolysins of Group A Streptococci VIII. Leukotoxic and Antiphagocytic Effects of Streptolysins S and O

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin on human peripheral leukocyte viability in vitro

Effect of Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin on human peripheral leukocyte viability in vitro

Purification and Further Characterization of a Haemolysin of Actinomyces pyogenes

Is streptolysin S of group A streptococci a virulence factor?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About