Oxygen uptake and haemolymph oxygen tension in the stalked barnacleCalantica spinosa

Abstract

Oxygen uptake (V 02) and haemolymph oxygen tension (p 02) were determined for the intertidal, stalked barnacle Calantica spinosa (Quoy & Gaimardl during submersion and aerial exposure at I SOc. V 02 did not change significantly with emersion, but peduncular sinus haemolymph P 02 increased significantly after 1-2 h in air. The maintenance of aerobic metabolism during aerial exposure descqbed for C. spinosa contrasts with the depressed V 02 generally reported for intertidal filter-feeding invertebrates on emersion. The increased haemolymph P 02 reported for stalked barnacles in air (characteristic of terrestrial, airbreathing decapod crustaceans) is in contrast to the respiratory pattern displayed by other aquatic invertebrates during aerial exposure. The respiratory physiology of C. spinosa in aquatic and aerial environments is discussed with particular reference to its feeding behaviour.

An amphibious mode of life in the intertidal zone: aerial and underwater contribution of Chthamalus montagui to CO2 fluxes

“…In Europe, aquatic O 2 uptake by Semibalanus balanoides was 72 to 76% higher than aerial uptake at the same temperature (Grainger & Newell 1965), whereas a high capacity for aerial respiration was found for Pollicipes polymerus (Lepadomorpha) with a higher O 2 uptake in air-exposed than in submerged animals at each tested temperature (Petersen et al 1974). No significant reduction in O 2 uptake was observed for the Lepadomorpha Calantica spinosa, although gaseous exchange through the peduncle tegument may be involved in the process (Innes 1985). In balanomorph barnacles, aerial respiration capacity of Jehlius cirratus, living in the upper intertidal zone in southern Chile, ranged between 74.5 and 89.5% of total respiration during submersion (Castro et al 2001); in the giant barnacle Austromegabalanus psittacus, aerial O 2 uptake after 3 h of air exposure at 10°C reached values of over 60% of O 2 uptake during submersion (López et al 2003).…”

Haemolymph acid‐base status of the stalked barnacleCalantica spinosa

“…With the reservation that the animals may already be in a state of partially compensated respiratory acidosis (Truchot 1975 barnacle and decapod haemolymph is surprising because Calantica haemolymph does not possess a respiratory pigment (Petersen et al 1974;Innes 1985). Haemocyanin is the major non-bicarbonate buffer in the blood of decapod crustaceans (Truchot 1976b;McDonald et al 1979;, the buffering capacity of non-haemocyanin proteins and other substances is minimal (e.g., only 1.56 of 12.1 slykes is not accounted for by haemocyanin in the land crab Cardisoma camifex, .…”

“…The calculated bicarbonate and carbonate concentrations must be treated with some reservations as the CO 2 solubility coefficient and pK' values presented in Truchot (1976a) were determined for Carcinus maenas haemolymph. One major difference between the two crustaceans is that, in contrast to Carcinus, the barnacle Calantica spinosa does not possess a respiratory pigment (Innes 1985).…”

Effect of Oxygen-Limiting Tidal Conditions on Muscle Metabolism and Structure in the Giant Acorn Barnacle, Balanus nubilus

“…There is also likely to be additional gas exchange that occurs directly across the cirri themselves as they move through the water (Newell and Northcroft, 1965;Anderson and Southward, 1987) We know that several barnacles show efficient O 2 exchange when exposed to the air during low tide (Petersen et al, 1974;Innes, 1985;Vial et al, 1999;López et al, 2003;Gilman et al, 2013;Castro et al, 2015), a characteristic shared by terrestrial, air-breathing decapod crustaceans (Bridges and Brann, 1980;Grieshaber et al, 1994). The pacific gooseneck barnacle is a prime example of this intermittent terrestrialism, with substantially higher levels of oxygen consumption occurring during air exposure than during immersion (Petersen et al, 1974).…”

“…And second, barnacles experiencing acute bouts of anoxia that are infrequent or unassociated with normal tidal cycles experience a significant drop in hemolymph pO 2 , but barnacles that experience predictable, chronic anoxia appear to acclimate to the low oxygen conditions and so facilitate a smaller reduction (or none at all) in pO 2 , which may be achieved by lowering whole-animal metabolic rates [It should be noted that there was a high degree of individual variation in blood gas pO 2 concentrations between barnacles within treatments. We can likely attribute this to variation in behavior, as we know from previous work that respiration and activity in filter feeders are linked, but for barnacles the relationship is not so straightforward (Burke, 1979;Innes, 1985;Anderson, 1994;Davenport and Irwin, 2003). ]…”