Oxygen uptake and heart rate responses to exercise performed with concentric and eccentric muscle contractions

Hg, Knuttgen; Fb, Petersen; Klausen, Kurt Klaudi

doi:10.1249/00005768-197100310-00001

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…6 For instance, several studies have reported reduced cardiorespiratory and haemodynamic responses when eccentric exercise is compared to concentric exercise at the same absolute workload. [7][8][9][10][11][12] These results are consistent with investigations illustrating a relatively low ATP turnover and a reduced concentration of metabolites, such as ammonia and lactate, during negative work. 13 Different theories have attempted to explain this lower metabolic cost.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Eccentric Exercise in Patients with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review

Roig

Shadgan

Reid³

2008

Physiotherapy Canada

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Purpose: The capacity of eccentric actions to produce muscle hypertrophy, strength gains, and neural adaptations without stressing the cardiopulmonary system has led to the prescription of eccentric training programmes in patients with low tolerance to exercise, such as elders or those with chronic health conditions. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the evidence regarding the effectiveness and suitability of eccentric training to restore musculoskeletal function in patients with chronic diseases. Summary of Key Points: Relevant articles were identified from nine databases and from the reference lists of key articles. Articles were assessed to determine level of evidence and scientific rigour. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. According to Sackett's levels of evidence, 7 studies were graded at level IIb, 1 study at level IV, and the remaining study at level V. Articles were also graded for scientific rigour according to the PEDro scale. One study was rated as high quality, 4 studies were rated as moderate, and 2 studies were graded as poor quality. Conclusions: Eccentric training may be safely used to restore musculoskeletal function in patients with some specific chronic conditions. However, the heterogeneity of diseases makes it very difficult to extrapolate results and to standardize clinical recommendations for adequate implementation of this type of exercise. More studies are needed to establish the potential advantages of eccentric training in chronic conditions. Key Words: atrophy, chronic disease, eccentric training, muscle dysfunction RÉ SUMÉObjectif: La capacité des actions excentriques de produire l'hypertrophie musculaire, une masse osseuse accrue et des adaptations neurales sans exercer de fatigue sur le systè me cardiopulmonaire a mené à la prescription de programmes d'entraînement excentrique chez les patients ayant une tolé rance faible à l'exercice, comme les aîné s ou ceux qui sont atteints d'é tats de santé chroniques. Cette é tude mé thodique a pour but d'analyser les preuves scientifiques concernant l'efficacité et la pertinence de l'entraînement excentrique dans le ré tablissement de la fonction musculosquelettique chez les patients atteints de maladies chroniques. Re´sume´des points cle´s: Des articles pertinents ont é té identifié s à partir de 11 bases de donné es et listes de ré fé rence d'articles clé s. Les articles ont é té é valué s afin de dé terminer le niveau de preuves scientifiques et la rigueur scientifique. Neuf é tudes ont satisfait aux critè res d'inclusion. Selon les niveaux de preuve de Sackett, sept é tudes ont é té classé es au niveau IIb, une é tude au niveau IV et la derniè re é tude au niveau V. Des articles ont aussi é té classé s pour leur rigueur scientifique selon l'é chelle PEDro. Une é tude a é té classé e comme é tant de haute qualité , quatre é tudes comme é tant de qualité moyenne et deux é tudes ont é té classé es comme é tant de qualité mé diocre. Conclusions: L'entraînement excentrique peut ê tre utilisé en toute sé curi...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Eccentric Exercise in Patients with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review

Roig

Shadgan

Reid³

2008

Physiotherapy Canada

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“…Physiological costs of eccentric contraction are different from concentric contractions, because the recruitment pattern of eccentric exercise is different from that of an equivalent concentric workload [27]. It is reported that O 2 cost per unit of work in eccentric cycle exercise is much less than in concentric cycle exercise, but there is a similar positive relationship between O 2 cost and workload [17,19]. Bigland-Ritchie and Woods reported that the V O 2 of submaximal eccentric cycle exercise was approximately one-sixth of the same workload on a motorized bicycle ergometer at 50 rpm [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because cycling exercise recruits a substantial muscle mass, muscle V O 2 is the primary determinant of pulmonary V O 2 [12]. Furthermore, because cycling exercise with a cycle ergometer can be coordinated at various workloads and speeds, it is widely used for V O 2 kinetics using an analysis of expired gas [12,[15][16][17][18][19]. Hooker et al determined the effects of ES cycle training for persons with spinal cord injury by evaluating V O 2 during ES cycling exercise before and after training as physiological responses [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling exercise to resist electrically stimulated antagonist increases oxygen uptake in males: Pilot study

Matsuse

Shiba

Terada³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Abstract-A hybrid training system (HTS) has been developed as the combined application of electrical stimulation (ES) and volitional contractions (VC), using electrically stimulated eccentric antagonist muscle contractions as a resistance to voluntary agonist muscle contractions. The purpose of the present study is to compare the metabolic cost between cycling exercise using HTS as added resistance (HTC) and unloaded cycling exercise (ULC). Twelve male subjects exercised on a leg cycle ergometer. After 5 min rest and 5 min warm up, they performed ULC for 5 min or HTC for 5 min. During rest and each exercise, the steady state of oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), expired ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and heart rate (HR) were measured. The values of VO2, VCO2, VE, and HR during HTC were significantly greater than during ULC (p < 0.05). Relative VO2 was 16.7% +/-2.1% of peak VO2 during ULC, and it was 21.1% +/-3.4% during HTC. However, there was no significant difference in RER between ULC and HTC. These findings indicate that the combined application of VC and ES could lead to a greater increase in metabolic cost. HTS seems to be applicable as a resistance of motion.

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“…In healthy subjects, the metabolic cost and ventilatory requirements of eccentric exercise are 30-50% lower than those of concentric exercise at similar workloads (Abbott et al, 1952;Asmussen, 1953;Hesser et al, 1977;Knuttgen et al, 1971;Hulsbosch et al, 1982). In healthy subjects, the metabolic cost and ventilatory requirements of eccentric exercise are 30-50% lower than those of concentric exercise at similar workloads (Abbott et al, 1952;Asmussen, 1953;Hesser et al, 1977;Knuttgen et al, 1971;Hulsbosch et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium and ventilation during positive and negative work inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Rooyackers¹,

Dekhuijzen²,

Herwaarden³

et al. 1997

Clinical Physiology

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In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reduced ventilatory reserves limit exercise tolerance. In these patients, the ventilatory requirements of eccentric exercise (negative work, Wneg) are lower than those of concentric exercise (positive work, Wpos) at similar workloads. In this study, we investigated the relationship between plasma potassium levels and ventilation during Wpos and Wneg in these patients. Twelve patients with stable COPD [mean (SD) FEV1 46% (16) of predicted] performed Wpos and Wneg on a cycle ergometer (6 min of exercise; interval > or = 1 h) in a randomized order at a constant workload of 50% of the individual maximum (positive) work capacity. Minute ventilation (VE) and arterial plasma potassium concentration ([K+]a) were measured at rest, and at 1-min intervals during exercise and during 3 min of recovery. VE increased less during Wneg than during Wpos [6 (range 3-26) vs. 18 (range 8-28) 1 min-1; P < 0.01]. VE during Wneg was reduced in proportion to VCO2. The increase in [K+]a during Wpos and Wneg [0.45 (range 0.26-0.75) and 0.34 (range 0.1-0.97) mM] did not differ significantly. VE was closely correlated with VCO2 during both types of exercise. VE was also closely correlated with [K+]a, but the slope of the relationship between [K+]a and VE was steeper during Wpos than during Wneg [39.1 (range 15.2-88.6) vs. 18.3 (range 7.2-37.3) 1 min-1 mM-1; P = 0.012]. In contrast, the slope of the relationship between VCO2 and VE was similar during both types of exercise [27.8 (range 19.2-37.1) vs. 32.1 (range 19.8-48.4)]. Thus, for a given increase in [K+]a, the increase in VE was significantly less during Wneg. In patients with COPD, potassium did not explain the difference in exercise ventilation between Wneg and Wpos, and may not play a significant role in the control of breathing during low-intensity exercise.

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Oxygen uptake and heart rate responses to exercise performed with concentric and eccentric muscle contractions

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Eccentric Exercise in Patients with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review

Eccentric Exercise in Patients with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review

Cycling exercise to resist electrically stimulated antagonist increases oxygen uptake in males: Pilot study

Potassium and ventilation during positive and negative work inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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