Oxygen uptake kinetics during exercise in adults with Down syndrome

Mendonça, Gonçalo V.; Pereira, Fernando D.; Fernhall, Bo

doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1540-5

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Interestingly, it was found that the VT (expressed as a percentage of VO 2peak ) of participants with DS did not differ from that of ID controls without DS (DS: 65%–70% vs controls with ID: 58%–61%). Recent research conducted by Mendonca et al also found similar fractional utilization of VO 2peak at the VT between adults with DS and nondisabled controls of similar age, sex, and body mass index (DS: 67.5%; nondisabled controls: 63.3%) 56. Several investigations agree that the VT occurs between 52% and 57% of VO 2peak for nondisabled girls and boys aged between 11 and 20 years 80,81.…”

Section: Causes For Reduced Exercise Capacity In Dsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The literature on the VT of persons with DS is very limited with only two previous studies available, making it very difficult to infer possible relationships between this physiological variable and poor exercise capacity in this population 55,56. The lack of research on this topic is probably related to the difficulty in detecting VT in most individuals with DS.…”

Section: Causes For Reduced Exercise Capacity In Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced exercise capacity in persons with Down syndrome: cause, effect, and management

Mendonça¹,

Pereira²,

Fernhall³

2010

TCRM

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Persons with Down syndrome (DS) have reduced peak and submaximal exercise capacity. Because ambulation is one predictor of survival among adults with DS, a review of the current knowledge of the causes, effects, and management of reduced exercise capacity in these individuals would be important. Available data suggest that reduced exercise capacity in persons with DS results from an interaction between low peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and poor exercise economy. Of several possible explanations, chronotropic incompetence has been shown to be the primary cause of low VO2peak in DS. In contrast, poor exercise economy is apparently dependent on disturbed gait kinetics and kinematics resulting from joint laxity and muscle hypotonia. Importantly, there is enough evidence to suggest that such low levels of physical fitness (reduced exercise capacity and muscle strength) limit the ability of adults with DS to perform functional tasks of daily living. Consequently, clinical management of reduced exercise capacity in DS seems important to ensure that these individuals remain productive and healthy throughout their lives. However, few prospective studies have examined the effects of structured exercise training in this population. Existent data suggest that exercise training is beneficial for improving exercise capacity and physiological function in persons with DS. This article reviews the current knowledge of the causes, effects, and management of reduced exercise capacity in DS. This review is limited to the acute and chronic responses to submaximal and peak exercise intensities because data on supramaximal exercise capacity of persons with DS have been shown to be unreliable.

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Section: Causes For Reduced Exercise Capacity In Dsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Causes For Reduced Exercise Capacity In Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced exercise capacity in persons with Down syndrome: cause, effect, and management

Mendonça¹,

Pereira²,

Fernhall³

2010

TCRM

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“…Our results suggest that individuals with DS might not experience early metabolic acidosis, as we found that VT expressed as a percentage of VO 2peak was similar between groups, and that individuals with DS did not exhibit excessive VCO 2peak and RER peak . Additionally, some studies suggest individuals with DS have increased pulmonary dead space (Cooney & Thurlbeck 1982;Clapp et al 1990;Mcdowell & Craven 2011) and in general reduced pulmonary function (Millar et al 1993;Fernhall et al 1996;Mendonca et al 2010a;Colvin & Yeager 2017;Mendonca et al 2018), but the evidence these studies present is not conclusive. While it seems probable that individuals with DS present some form of respiratory limitation, either at the pulmonary level or at the mitochondrial level, the absence of direct data on PaCO 2 , pulmonary dead space or muscle perfusion in our study and current state of knowledge do not allow for an exact explanation for similar V E /VCO 2 slope with lower tidal volume and lower OUES in individuals with DS to be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Mendonca et al also reported V E /VCO 2 slope (Mendonca et al 2018) (the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide; a different measure of ventilatory efficiency that represents clearing of arterial CO 2 ) (Mendonca et al 2018), but did not include an in-depth discussion on the interaction with OUES and other CPET parameters. Additionally, incidental reports on ventilatory threshold (VT, a measure of submaximal exercise tolerance) (Baynard et al 2004;Mendonca et al 2010a) and minute ventilation (V E , the product of depth and frequency of breathing) (Millar et al 1993;Fernhall et al 1996) exist, but most studies only focus on VO 2peak and maximal heart rate (Wee et al 2015;Fernhall et al 2001;Goulopoulou et al 2006;Baynard et al 2008;Cowley et al 2010). Parameters such as oxygen pulse (which represents the needed increase in heart rate to meet increased VO 2 demands), or tidal volume and respiratory rate (which together make up minute ventilation), have never been reported in individuals with DS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive cardiopulmonary profile of individuals with Down syndrome

Beck

Wee

Lefferts

et al. 2022

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and previous studies have shown that these low levels of fitness have a physiological cause. During exercise, the cardiovascular, ventilatory and muscular systems are simultaneously active. While individual parameters of these systems have been investigated in DS before, the interaction between these parameters and systems have not been discussed in detail. Doing so may provide important insight regarding the aetiology of low cardiorespiratory fitness and which parameters of the cardiovascular, pulmonary and muscular systems are altered in individuals with DS compared with their peers without DS. Methods Cardiopulmonary exercise tests were performed in healthy adults with and without DS. Parameters related to the cardiovascular, ventilatory and muscular systems were collected until VO2peak. In total, 51 participants were included in analysis, of which 21 had DS. Results Individuals with DS showed lower peak values for all collected outcomes (P ≤ 0.001) compared with those without DS, except for ventilatory threshold as a percentage of maximal oxygen uptake and VE/VCO2 slope, which were similar. Conclusions Our results show that individuals with DS present impairments across the cardiovascular, ventilatory and muscular aspects of the cardiopulmonary system.

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“…Moreover, even with regular physical training, individuals with DS exhibit low peak aerobic capacities and heart rates than their peers without disabilities [14][15][16][17]. Three physiologic factors that potentially contribute to low VO 2peak values in persons with DS are autonomic dysfunction [18,19], reduced ventilatory capacity [20], and metabolic dysfunction [14,21,22].…”

Section: What Really For a Young With Down Syndrome (Ds)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapted Physical Activities and Down syndrome

Bricout¹

2015

J Down Syndr Chr Abnorm

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Sport, competition, performance are today essential values of our society. They oppose the image of disability, even more surely when it comes to mental disability. However, for almost 20 years now, the sport gradually welcomed these specific populations, diverse and rich differences. The benefits of physical activity and sport as recognized in the general population are now extended to people with special needs whether they are people with a trisomy 21, a diabetes or obesity, for examples.In Down Syndrome (D.S), the heterogeneity of the syndrome induced damage is even important depending on the type of trisomy, and medical management will therefore also very diverse. History of Sports and Mental HandicapHistorically, the management of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in sports activities dates from the late 19 th , under the leadership of Dr. Edouard Seguin (1812-1880) a French teacher and physician. This teacher advocated a physiological education based on educational games, and shed what would become later the sensori-motor stages, with the work of Jean Piaget. Dr. E Seguin incorporated a general training program that integrated muscular, imitative, nervous, and reflective physiological functions. Many techniques Seguin used in his programs, such as individualized instruction and behavior management, can be found in current practice, and so they are still recognized as relevant by care teams. In 1848, Seguin immigrated to the United States in 1848, and became a major reference teacher for educating individuals with retardation. Seguin's methods and positive results served as a foundation for similar efforts throughout Europe and America. Among those later influenced by his teaching methods was Maria Montessori (1870Montessori ( -1952, a pioneer in teaching children with and without disabilities.In United States of America, Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe (1801-1876) established the first public training facility in Boston. He was concerned about the conditions of persons with mental illness, persons with a hearing loss or who are blind, slaves, and groups of people who were politically oppressed throughout Europe. Both Seguin and Howe firmly believed in the importance of family and community, and wanted their schools to prepare children with disabilities to live with the rest of society.In parallel since the mid-1900s, beginning in Scandinavia, more and more countries have sought to deinstitutionalize persons with ID and to create appropriate community supports and inclusive community care settings for them. Sports activities grow as a means of education and therapy.Nevertheless, it will be necessary to wait for a slow evolution for young children with mental disabilities can be integrated into educational structures and later into sport practice structures.Until the 1960s, sport competition remains a contra-indicate for individuals with ID. The first published work concludes that competition (between disabled to non-disabled participants) was not recommended for people with ID [1][2][3]. Some results repor...

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Oxygen uptake kinetics during exercise in adults with Down syndrome

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Reduced exercise capacity in persons with Down syndrome: cause, effect, and management

Reduced exercise capacity in persons with Down syndrome: cause, effect, and management

Comprehensive cardiopulmonary profile of individuals with Down syndrome

Adapted Physical Activities and Down syndrome

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