Oxygen uptake plateau: calculation artifact or physiological reality?

Niemeyer, Max; Bergmann, Tobias G J; Beneke, Ralph

doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04267-7

Cited by 16 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We accepted a plateau when the ΔVO 2 ∕ΔP of the final 50 W was less than 5.0 ml min −1 W −1 . As recently shown (Niemeyer et al 2020), this definition enables to detect a plateau with a risk of false plateau diagnoses below 5%. Gordon et al (2012) determined the V O 2 -plateau from the difference between the last and next-to-last 30 s of a ramp test with an incremental rate of 30 W min −1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…If the plateau definition of Gordon et al ( 2012 ) is applied to our data, the plateau incidence in the unprimed and primed ramp tests increases to 80 and 65%, respectively. It is therefore very likely that the findings of Gordon et al ( 2012 ) are affected by a high frequency of false-positive plateau diagnoses (Niemeyer et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The -plateau was determined from the slope of the –workload-relationship of the final 50 W ( ) using linear regression analyses. Based on previous recommendations (Niemeyer et al 2020 ), a plateau was accepted if the slope was less than 5.0 ml min −1 W −1 , which represents approximately half of the expected slope in the submaximal intensity domain (Boone and Bourgois 2012 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a priming-induced slower accumulation of anaerobic metabolites (i.e., a slower reduction in anaerobic capacity) should result in higher P max , as demonstrated by Raymer et al 2007 . Since for the diagnoses of a -plateau, must be sustained despite rather large increases in workload (Niemeyer et al 2020 ), a higher P max at given should in turn increase the chance that a plateau occurs. However, Gordon et al, ( 2012 ) did not find corresponding differences in P max between primed and the unprimed ramp tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it seems to be unlikely that the observed increase in plateau incidence is caused by an increase or sparing of anaerobic capacity. Additionally, Gordon et al ( 2012 ) used a -plateau definition that results in a high incidence of a false plateau diagnosis (Niemeyer et al 2020 ), which questions their findings considerably.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of intensive prior exercise on muscle fiber activation, oxygen uptake kinetics, and oxygen uptake plateau occurrence

2020

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Purpose We tested the hypothesis that the described increase in oxygen uptake (V O 2)-plateau incidence following a heavysevere prior exercise is caused by a steeper increase in V O 2 and muscle fiber activation in the submaximal intensity domain. Methods Twenty-one male participants performed a standard ramp test, a V O 2max verification bout, an unprimed ramp test with an individualized ramp slope and a primed ramp test with the same ramp slope, which was preceded by an intensive exercise at 50% of the difference between gas exchange threshold and maximum workload. Muscle fiber activation was recorded from vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and gastrocnemius medialis using a surface electromyography (EMG) device in a subgroup of 11 participants. Linear regression analyses were used to calculate the V O 2-(ΔVO 2 ∕ΔP) and EMG-(∆RMS/∆P) ramp test kinetics. Results Twenty out of the 21 participants confirmed their V O 2max in the verification bout. The V O 2-plateau incidence in these participants did not differ between the unprimed (n = 8) and primed (n = 7) ramp test (p = 0.500). The ΔVO 2 ∕ΔP was lower in the primed compared to the unprimed ramp test (9.40 ± 0.66 vs. 10.31 ± 0.67 ml min −1 W −1 , p < 0.001), whereas the ∆RMS/∆P did not differ between the ramp tests (0.62 ± 0.15 vs. 0.66 ± 0.14% W −1 ; p = 0.744). Conclusion These findings do not support previous studies, which reported an increase in V O 2-plateau incidence as well as steeper increases in V O 2 and muscle fiber activation in the submaximal intensity domain following a heavy-severe prior exercise. Keywords Cardiorespiratory fitness • Priming exercise • Exercise testing • Maximum oxygen uptake • Electromyography Abbreviations BLC Blood lactate concentration BLC BSL Blood lactate concentration at 50 W baseline cycling BLC max Maximal blood lactate concentration EMG Electromyography GM Gastrocnemius medialis MRT Mean response time of ramp test oxygen uptake kinetics P GET Workload at gas exchange threshold P max Maximum workload achieved at ramp test termination RER max Maximal respiratory exchange ratio RMS Root mean square of the electromyography signal RMS BSL Electromyography root mean square of 50 W baseline cycling ∆RMS/∆P Slope of the electromyography root mean square-workload-relationship RPE max Maximal rating of perceived exertion S Incremental rate S1 Intensity between the second minute of the ramp test and P GET S2 Intensity between P GET and 2 min before ramp test termination ST Intensity between the second minute of the ramp test and two minutes before ramp test termination VL Vastus lateralis VM Vastus medialiṡ VCO 2max Maximal carbon dioxide productioṅ VO 2 Oxygen uptake Communicated by I. Mark Olfert.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of intensive prior exercise on muscle fiber activation, oxygen uptake kinetics, and oxygen uptake plateau occurrence

2020

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Is the maximal lactate steady state concept really relevant to predict endurance performance?

et al. 2022

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A verification phase adds little value to the determination of maximum oxygen uptake in well-trained adults

Bruggisser,

Wagner,

Niemeyer

et al. 2024

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Purpose The objective was to investigate if performing a sub-peak or supra-peak verification phase following a ramp test provides additional value for determining 'true' maximum oxygen uptake ($$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2). Methods 17 and 14 well-trained males and females, respectively, performed two ramp tests each followed by a verification phase. While the ramp tests were identical, the verification phase differed in power output, wherein the power output was either 95% or 105% of the peak power output from the ramp test. The recovery phase before the verification phase lasted until capillary blood lactate concentration was ≤ 4 mmol·L−1. If a $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2 plateau occurred during ramp test, the following verification phase was considered to provide no added value. If no $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2 plateau occurred and the highest $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2 ($$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2peak) during verification phase was < 97%, between 97 and 103%, or > 103% of $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2peak achieved during the ramp test, no value, potential value, and certain value were attributed to the verification phase, respectively. Results Mean (standard deviation) $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2peak during both ramp tests was 64.5 (6.0) mL·kg−1·min−1 for males and 54.8 (6.2) mL·kg−1·min−1 for females. For the 95% verification phase, 20 tests showed either a $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2 plateau during ramp test or a verification $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2peak < 97%, indicating no value, 11 showed potential value, and 0 certain value. For the 105% verification phase, the values were 26, 5, and 0 tests, respectively. Conclusion In well-trained adults, a sub-peak verification phase might add little value in determining 'true' maximum $$ {{\dot{\text{V}}}} $$ V ˙ O2, while a supra-peak verification phase adds no value.

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Oxygen uptake plateau: calculation artifact or physiological reality?

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of intensive prior exercise on muscle fiber activation, oxygen uptake kinetics, and oxygen uptake plateau occurrence

Effect of intensive prior exercise on muscle fiber activation, oxygen uptake kinetics, and oxygen uptake plateau occurrence

Is the maximal lactate steady state concept really relevant to predict endurance performance?

A verification phase adds little value to the determination of maximum oxygen uptake in well-trained adults

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