“…It is reasonable to assume that oxygen defect sites may occur due to surface reconstruction, where molecules including H 2 O and CO 2 can be readily absorbed to form metal hydroxide and metal carbon dioxide. In addition, more defective sites generated on the surface of the catalysts can potentially enhance the adsorption of AB and contribute to the improved catalytic activity. ,, Area calculation by integration shows that the ratios of metal–OH/metal–CO 3 /defective oxide for Ni/Cu-c, Ni/Cu-t, and Ni/Cu-o are 0.85, 0.82, and 0.76, respectively. That is to say, from precursor of Cu 2 O-c to Cu 2 O-o, as the ratio of Cu 2 O(100) facet decreases, there appears to be a trend toward more defective sites on the generated Cu surface, which is inconsistent with the trend in the proportion of Metal–OH/Metal-CO 3 /defective oxide on the surface of original Cu 2 O-x and directly reduced Cu-x (x = c, t, o) using NaBH 4 as shown in Table S1.…”