Oxytocin buffers cortisol responses to stress in individuals with impaired emotion regulation abilities

Quirin, Markus; Kühl, Julius; Düsing, Rainer

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.12.005

Cited by 182 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Accumulating evidence has shown stronger effects of OT in individuals with high trait anxiety (34), high autistic traits (9), impaired emotion regulation (35), low emotional sensitivity (36), or high attachment avoidance (50). IN-OT also benefits individuals with mental disorders, such as anxiety disorder (51), autism (52), and depression (24,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies, showing stronger OT effects in well-adapted individuals, used social-oriented trait measurement, such as the attachment anxiety scale that measured the attachment bond between participants and their parents (53). However, the studies showing stronger OT effects in less socially adapted individuals mainly used selfcentered measures, such as anxiety traits measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) (34), sociocognitive skills (9), or emotional sensitivity/regulation (35,36). Similarly, we showed stronger OT effects in individuals with less socially adapted traits as measured by self-centered measures such as STAI-T, DAS (one's own maladaptive thinking patterns), and BDI (depressive symptoms).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IN-OT produced stronger effects on less socially adapted individuals, such as those with high trait anxiety (34), impaired emotion regulation (35), or low emotional sensitivity (36). Because optimism has been implicated in anxiety and depression (26,27,37,38), we further examined whether the effects of IN-OT on optimistic belief updating were moderated by individuals' depression and anxiety traits.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because optimism has been implicated in anxiety and depression (26,27,37,38), we further examined whether the effects of IN-OT on optimistic belief updating were moderated by individuals' depression and anxiety traits. Given the finding of stronger effects of IN-OT on less socially adapted individuals (34)(35)(36), we hypothesized that IN-OT would produce stronger effects on belief updating in individuals with high (relative to low) depression and anxiety traits. These hypotheses were tested in study 1 (as a discovery sample) and study 2 (as a replication sample) by asking participants to complete a two-stage beliefupdating task 40 min after OT or PL administration.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Humans update their beliefs upon feedback and, accordingly, modify their behaviors to adapt to the complex, changing social environment. However, people tend to incorporate desirable (better than expected) feedback into their beliefs but to discount undesirable (worse than expected) feedback. Such optimistic updating has evolved as an advantageous mechanism for social adaptation. Here, we examine the role of oxytocin (OT)-an evolutionary ancient neuropeptide pivotal for social adaptation-in belief updating upon desirable and undesirable feedback in three studies (n = 320). Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled between-subjects design, we show that intranasally administered OT (IN-OT) augments optimistic belief updating by facilitating updates of desirable feedback but impairing updates of undesirable feedback. The IN-OT-induced impairment in belief updating upon undesirable feedback is more salient in individuals with high, rather than with low, depression or anxiety traits. IN-OT selectively enhances learning rate (the strength of association between estimation error and subsequent update) of desirable feedback. IN-OT also increases participants' confidence in their estimates after receiving desirable but not undesirable feedback, and the OT effect on confidence updating upon desirable feedback mediates the effect of IN-OT on optimistic belief updating. Our findings reveal distinct functional roles of OT in updating the first-order estimation and second-order confidence judgment in response to desirable and undesirable feedback, suggesting a molecular substrate for optimistic belief updating.oxytocin | social adaptation | confidence | belief updating | optimism

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…2 showing an OXT-induced bias toward remembering aversive rather than neutral social information are also unlikely to be a result of altered arousal or valence ratings. Although a number of studies demonstrating anxiolytic effects of OXT (29,41) and suppression of amygdala reactivity to fear signals (22-25; but see also refs. 26 and 27) have suggested a potential amnestic effect for aversive stimuli, direct evidence for this has been limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin facilitates protective responses to aversive social stimuli in males

Striepens

Scheele

Kendrick

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

190

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The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) can enhance the impact of positive social cues but may reduce that of negative ones by inhibiting amygdala activation, although it is unclear whether the latter causes blunted emotional and mnemonic responses. In two independent double-blind placebo-controlled experiments, each involving over 70 healthy male subjects, we investigated whether OXT affects modulation of startle reactivity by aversive social stimuli as well as subsequent memory for them. Intranasal OXT potentiated acoustic startle responses to negative stimuli, without affecting behavioral valence or arousal judgments, and biased subsequent memory toward negative rather than neutral items. A functional MRI analysis of this mnemonic effect revealed that, whereas OXT inhibited amygdala responses to negative stimuli, it facilitated left insula responses for subsequently remembered items and increased functional coupling between the left amygdala, left anterior insula, and left inferior frontal gyrus. Our results therefore show that OXT can potentiate the protective and mnemonic impact of aversive social information despite reducing amygdala activity, and suggest that the insula may play a role in emotional modulation of memory. (5), social recognition (6-8) and related memory (9-11), social reinforcement learning and emotional empathy (12), and social judgments (13)(14)(15).This prosocial perspective on OXT is challenged, however, by evidence that OXT also enhances envy and schadenfreude (gloating) (16), ethno-centrism (including prejudice, xenophobia, and racial bias) (4), and outgroup derogation (17). Moreover, OXT hinders trust and cooperation when social information about interaction partners is lacking (18). Furthermore, OXT appears to negatively bias recollections of maternal care and closeness and to diminish trust and cooperation in insecurely or anxiously attached individuals (19,20).In an attempt to reconcile this controversial evidence, it has been proposed that the social effects of OXT could be mediated by reduced anxiety or by an increased perceptual salience of social cues (21). The anxiolytic action of OXT has been confirmed by showing reduced amygdala responses to aversive social stimuli in healthy people (22-25; but see also refs. 26 and 27), and subjects with social phobia (28). It is compatible with decreased endocrine and subjective responses to social stress (29), as well as reduced negative cognitive self-appraisal in individuals scoring high in traitanxiety (30). In contrast, the social salience hypothesis has gained substantial support from studies demonstrating increased eye contact (31) and improved mind-reading from facial expressions (32) as a result of OXT treatment. Whether these mechanisms quintessentially yield positive or negative social outcomes may vary depending on contextual or person-specific characteristics (21). An alternative view holds that emotional valence may be the key in guiding the social effects of OXT, with it facilitating social approach to positive cues and inhibiting...

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The Neuroendocrinology of Social Anxiety Disorder

Alvares¹,

Guastella²

2014

The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Social Anxiety Disorder

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Oxytocin buffers cortisol responses to stress in individuals with impaired emotion regulation abilities

Cited by 182 publications

References 59 publications

Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback

Distinct oxytocin effects on belief updating in response to desirable and undesirable feedback

Oxytocin facilitates protective responses to aversive social stimuli in males

The Neuroendocrinology of Social Anxiety Disorder

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