Oxytocin, eating behavior, and metabolism in humans

Kerem, Liya; Lawson, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00006-9

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…OXT neurons are affected in early HD 11,15 . Given the function of OXT in social, metabolic and emotional control, any disruption in its function may contribute to the non‐motor features seen in HD 20,21,23 . The present study aimed to investigate whether mHTT expression in OXT neurons contributes to the development of non‐motor features and neuropathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…16 Apart from its classical function in lactation and mother-child bond attachment, OXT also plays a pivotal role in complex social behaviour, including prosocial behaviour and pair bonding [17][18][19] as well as metabolism and food intake. 20 Furthermore, OXT is known for its role in anxiety, depression and stereotypical stress responses. [21][22][23] However, the role of OXT in anxiety and stress remains controversial and is associated with both anxiolytic and anxiogenic as well as stress-relieving and stress-inducing properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neuropeptide OXT is synthesised in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus 16 . Apart from its classical function in lactation and mother–child bond attachment, OXT also plays a pivotal role in complex social behaviour, including prosocial behaviour and pair bonding 17–19 as well as metabolism and food intake 20 . Furthermore, OXT is known for its role in anxiety, depression and stereotypical stress responses 21–23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of mutant huntingtin in oxytocin neurons on non‐motor features of Huntington's disease

Bergh

Gabery

Tonetto

et al. 2023

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

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Background Early non‐motor features including anxiety, depression and altered social cognition are present in Huntington's disease (HD). The underlying neurobiological mechanisms are not known. Oxytocin (OXT) is involved in the regulation of emotion, social cognition and metabolism, and our previous work showed that the OXT system is affected early in HD. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential causal relationship between the selective expression of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) in OXT neurons and the development of non‐motor features and neuropathology. Methods To express mHTT only in OXT neurons, we used a novel flex‐switch adeno‐associated viral vector design to selectively express either mHTT or wild‐type HTT in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus using OXT‐Cre‐recombinase mice. We also performed a mirror experiment to selectively delete mHTT in OXT neurons using the BACHD mouse model. Mice underwent a battery of behavioural tests to assess psychiatric and social behaviours 3 months post‐injection or at 2 months of age, respectively. Post‐mortem analyses were performed to assess the effects on the OXT system. Results Our results show that selective expression of mHTT in OXT neurons was associated with the formation of mHTT inclusions and a 26% reduction of OXT‐immunopositive neurons as well as increased anxiety‐like behaviours compared with uninjected mice. However, selective deletion of mHTT from OXT neurons alone was not sufficient to alter the metabolic and psychiatric phenotype of the BACHD mice at this early time point. Conclusions Our results indicate that mHTT expression can exert cell‐autonomous toxic effects on OXT neurons without affecting the non‐motor phenotype at early time points in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of mutant huntingtin in oxytocin neurons on non‐motor features of Huntington's disease

Bergh

Gabery

Tonetto

et al. 2023

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

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“…Under pathological conditions, reduced OT release or disorders in OTR signaling can cause many diseases, such as social stress ( 51 ), schizophrenia and depression ( 91 ), obesity ( 92 ), lactation failure, postpartum depression ( 13 , 13 ) and even mammary tumor ( 93 ). For instance, schizophrenia is a form of mental disorders and involves dysregulation of the OT system.…”

Section: Ot Functions and Sexual Dimorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following parturition, breastfeeding delays the resumption of normal ovarian cycles by disrupting the pattern of pulsatile release of GnRH from the hypothalamus. Intermittent bolus release of OT during suckling, its disruption of normal interaction of OT with the HPG axis and inhibition of energy intake also play a key role in lactation-associated amenorrhea ( 92 ). When suckling stimulus declines near weanling, preovulatory LH surge restores and ovulation takes place with the formation of a corpus luteum of variable normality.…”

Section: Ot Functions At Different Reproductive Stages Of Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin in Women’s Health and Disease

et al. 2022

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Oxytocin (OT) is a nonapeptide mainly produced in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. OT in the brain and blood has extensive functions in both mental and physical activities. These functions are mediated by OT receptors (OTRs) that are distributed in a broad spectrum of tissues with dramatic sexual dimorphism. In both sexes, OT generally facilitates social cognition and behaviors, facilitates parental behavior and sexual activity and inhibits feeding and pain perception. However, there are significant differences in OT levels and distribution of OTRs in men from women. Thus, many OT functions in men are different from women, particularly in the reproduction. In men, the reproductive functions are relatively simple. In women, the reproductive functions involve menstrual cycle, pregnancy, parturition, lactation, and menopause. These functions make OT regulation of women’s health and disease a unique topic of physiological and pathological studies. In menstruation, pre-ovulatory increase in OT secretion in the hypothalamus and the ovary can promote the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and facilitate ovulation. During pregnancy, increased OT synthesis and preterm release endow OT system the ability to promote maternal behavior and lactation. In parturition, cervix expansion-elicited pulse OT secretion and uterine OT release accelerate the expelling of fetus and reduce postpartum hemorrhage. During lactation, intermittent pulsatile OT secretion is necessary for the milk-ejection reflex and maternal behavior. Disorders in OT secretion can account for maternal depression and hypogalactia. In menopause, the reduction of OT secretion accounts for many menopausal symptoms and diseases. These issues are reviewed in this work.

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Peptides in the regulation of glucagon secretion

Andersen

Holst

2022

Peptides

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Oxytocin, eating behavior, and metabolism in humans

Cited by 3 publications

References 164 publications

Effects of mutant huntingtin in oxytocin neurons on non‐motor features of Huntington's disease

Effects of mutant huntingtin in oxytocin neurons on non‐motor features of Huntington's disease

Oxytocin in Women’s Health and Disease

Peptides in the regulation of glucagon secretion

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