“…Lastly, dogs treated with intranasal OT have been documented to exhibit increased affiliative behavior toward humans and other dogs (Romero, Nagasawa, Mogi, Hasegawa, & Kikusui, 2014, as well as increased 'optimism' about ambivalent stimuli (Kis, Hernádi, Kanizsár, Gácsi, & Topál, 2015). Several recent studies also reveal that administration of intranasal OT may enhance dogs' sensitivity to cooperative-communicative signals (Macchitella et al, 2016;Oliva, Rault, Appleton, & Lill, 2015), an aspect of dog cognition that may be evolutionarily convergent with humans (Hare, 2016;Hare & Tomasello, 2005;MacLean, Herrmann, Suchindran, & Hare, In Press), and which likely plays important roles in dog-human relationships.…”