Oxytocin-Induced
Contractions of the Rabbit
Corpus cavernosum

Tarhan, Fatih; Ersev, D.; Aslan, Neslihan; Özgül, Aydın; Kuyumcuoğlu, Uğur; Oktay, Şule

doi:10.1159/000475061

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The most dramatic finding in sex steroid-treated muscle was the enormous increase in expression of the nonapeptide (9 amino acids) hormone OXT. This was an unexpected result as neurohypophyseal hormone OXT has previous associated functions related to muscle contraction (55,17,53) and behavior (2,39). OXT is closely related to vasopressin, differing by only two amino acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle

Jager

Hudson

Reverter

et al. 2011

Physiological Genomics

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Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle. Physiol Genomics 43: 467-478, 2011. First published February 15, 2011 doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00226.2010.-Molecular mechanisms in skeletal muscle associated with anabolic steroid treatment of cattle are unclear and we aimed to characterize transcriptional changes. Cattle were chronically exposed (68 Ϯ 20 days) to a steroid hormone implant containing 200 mg trenbolone acetate and 20 mg estradiol (Revalor-H). Biopsy samples from 48 cattle (half treated) from longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle under local anesthesia were collected. Gene expression levels were profiled by microarray, covering 16,944 unique bovine genes: 121 genes were differentially expressed (DE) due to the implant (99.99% posterior probability of not being false positives). Among DE genes, a decrease in expression of a number of fat metabolism-associated genes, likely reflecting the lipid storage activity of intramuscular adipocytes, was observed. The expression of IGF1 and genes related to the extracellular matrix, slow twitch fibers, and cell cycle (including SOX8, a satellite cell marker) was increased in the treated muscle. Unexpectedly, a very large 21-(microarray) to 97 (real time quantitative PCR)-fold higher expression of the mRNA encoding the neuropeptide hormone oxytocin was observed in treated muscle. We also observed an ϳ50-fold higher level of circulating oxytocin in the plasma of treated animals at the time of biopsy. Using a coexpression network strategy OXTR was identified as more likely than IGF1R to be a major mediator of the muscle response to Revalor-H. A re-investigation of in vivo cattle LD muscle samples during early to mid-fetal development identified a Ͼ128-fold increased expression of OXT, coincident with myofiber differentiation and fusion. We propose that oxytocin may be involved in mediating the anabolic effects of Revalor-H treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle

Jager

Hudson

Reverter

et al. 2011

Physiological Genomics

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“…For the first time, oxytocin has been shown to elicit large contractions in other peripheral tissues involved in ejaculation, such as the ejaculatory duct, prostatic urethra and bladder neck. In addition to ejaculatory tissues, oxytocin has been demonstrated to contract erectile tissues such as the corpus cavernosum ( Tarhan et al , 1995 ; Vignozzi et al , 2004 ; Zhang et al , 2005 ). This finding was confirmed and also supported by contractions mediated within the rat corpus spongiosum implying that oxytocin has the ability to maintain penile flaccidity potentially post ejaculation once local endogenous oxytocin levels increase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin‐induced contractions within rat and rabbit ejaculatory tissues are mediated by vasopressin V_1A receptors and not oxytocin receptors

Gupta¹,

Russell²,

Wayman³

et al. 2008

British J Pharmacology

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Background and purpose: Oxytocin is believed to be involved in ejaculation by increasing sperm number and contracting ejaculatory tissues. However, oxytocin may mediate these effects via oxytocin or vasopressin (AVP) receptors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oxytocin and AVP on peripheral tissues involved in ejaculation and to identify the receptor subtype(s) involved. Experimental approach: Standard tissue bath techniques were used to measure isometric tension from tissues involved in ejaculation and erection. Key results: Oxytocin and AVP failed to elicit a tonic contractile response in rat and rabbit testes, vas deferens, epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate. In contrast, oxytocin and AVP elicited large tonic contractions in erectile (corpus spongiosum and corpus cavernosum) and ejaculatory (prostatic urethra, bladder neck and ejaculatory duct) tissues in a concentrationdependent manner. Conclusions and implications:The contractile effect of oxytocin on rat and rabbit ejaculatory and erectile tissues is mediated via V 1A receptors. Endothelin-1-induced contractions are not due to endogenous oxytocin or AVP release. V 1A receptor antagonists may have a therapeutic role in both erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation.

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“…The possibility that a periorgasmic increase in oxytocin contributes to the termination of the erection peripherally should also be considered. This idea was supported by the presence of oxytocin receptor gene expression in the human corpus cavernosum [7] , and contractile activity of oxytocin on the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A supraphysiological dose of oxytocin might be necessary to obtain penile detumescence in humans as in rats. Previously, Tarhan et al [6] determined that the maximal contractile response of rabbit corpus cavernosum to oxytocin was in amplitude 39.4 8 9.1% of that to phenylephrine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the peripheral action of oxytocin is unclear in particular at the level of the male genital tract. Tarhan et al [6] demonstrated for the first time that oxytocin has a contractile effect on rabbit corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Vignozzi et al [7] later reported that the oxytocin receptor gene and protein are expressed by rabbit and human corpus cavernosum and that they mediate contractility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocin Immunoreactivity in the Corpus Cavernosum of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction

Tarhan¹,

Faydaci²,

Gül³

et al. 2011

Urol Int

Self Cite

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Objectives: Oxytocin is released by the posterior pituitary gland during male orgasm. Additionally, the presence of an oxytocin receptor gene and protein expression in human corpus cavernosum is demonstrated, and it has contractile activity on the smooth muscle of the animal and human corpus cavernosum in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoreactivity of oxytocin in corpus cavernosum of patients with organic erectile dysfunction and to compare it with healthy controls. Methods: Cavernous biopsies were obtained from 31 patients with erectile dysfunction and 11 patients without erectile dysfunction. Oxytocin immunohistochemistry was performed using the streptavidin-biotin immunoperoxidase staining on all cases. Intensity and proportion of stained cells were added for the immunoreactivity score. Results: The mean ages of patients with erectile dysfunction and controls were 41.47 ± 2.08 and 36.50 ± 3.35 years, respectively (p > 0.05). Oxytocin expression was detected in smooth muscle as well as in endothelial cells in both groups. The mean oxytocin immunoreactivity score values of patients with erectile dysfunction and controls were also 2.16 ± 0.12 and 2.30 ± 0.21, respectively (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in immunoreactivity scores both in arterial and cavernosal failure and also in smoker and nonsmoker groups (p > 0.05). Immunoreactivity scores were not statistically significantly different between patients with concomitant medical disorders and patients with no other medical disorder (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We detected oxytocin immunoreactivity in male corpus cavernosum, but staining was not different between patients with erectile dysfunction and controls. However, further studies are necessary to reach a final conclusion regarding the effects of oxytocin on corpus cavernosum.

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Oxytocin-Induced Contractions of the Rabbit Corpus cavernosum

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle

Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle

Oxytocin‐induced contractions within rat and rabbit ejaculatory tissues are mediated by vasopressin V_1A receptors and not oxytocin receptors

Oxytocin Immunoreactivity in the Corpus Cavernosum of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction

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Oxytocin-Induced Contractions of the Rabbit Corpus cavernosum

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle

Chronic exposure to anabolic steroids induces the muscle expression of oxytocin and a more than fiftyfold increase in circulating oxytocin in cattle

Oxytocin‐induced contractions within rat and rabbit ejaculatory tissues are mediated by vasopressin V1A receptors and not oxytocin receptors

Oxytocin Immunoreactivity in the Corpus Cavernosum of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction

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Oxytocin‐induced contractions within rat and rabbit ejaculatory tissues are mediated by vasopressin V_1A receptors and not oxytocin receptors