Oxytocin reduces satiety scores without affecting the volume of nutrient intake or gastric emptying rate in healthy subjects

Borg, Julia; Simrén, Magnus; Ohlsson, Bodil

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01599.x

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Exogenous OT, for example, has been reported in human subjects to accelerate gastric emptying of a semisolid meal (20,41) or, alternatively, to exert no effect on gastric emptying of a semisolid or solid meal (4,36). OT, moreover, slows gastric emptying in patients with diabetic gastroparesis, which is similar to its effects in mice, while lacking effects on volume of ingested nutrients, satiety, or other symptoms in patients diagnosed to have functional dyspepsia (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Oxytocin regulates gastrointestinal motility, inflammation, macromolecular permeability, and mucosal maintenance in mice

Welch

Margolis

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

130

136

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Enteric neurons express oxytocin (OT); moreover, enteric neurons and enterocytes express developmentally regulated OT receptors (OTRs). Although OT (with secretin) opposes intestinal inflammation, physiological roles played by enteric OT/OTR signaling have not previously been determined. We tested hypotheses that OT/OTR signaling contributes to enteric nervous system (ENS)-related gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. GI functions and OT effects were compared in OTR-knockout (OTRKO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Stool mass and water content were greater in OTRKO mice than in WT. GI transit time in OTRKO animals was faster than in WT; OT inhibited in vitro generation of ENS-dependent colonic migrating motor complexes in WT but not in OTRKO mice. Myenteric neurons were hyperplastic in OTRKO animals, and mucosal exposure to cholera toxin (CTX) in vitro activated Fos in more myenteric neurons in OTRKO than WT than in WT mice; OT inhibited the CTX response in WT but not in OTRKO mice. Villi and crypts were shorter in OTRKO than in WT mice, and transit-amplifying cell proliferation in OTRKO crypts was deficient. Macromolecular intestinal permeability in OTRKO was greater than WT mice, and experimental colitis was more severe in OTRKO mice; moreover, OT protected WT animals from colitis. Observations suggest that OT/OTR signaling acts as a brake on intestinal motility, decreases mucosal activation of enteric neurons, and promotes enteric neuronal development and/or survival. It also regulates proliferation of crypt cells and mucosal permeability; moreover OT/OTR signaling is protective against inflammation. Oxytocinergic signaling thus appears to play an important role in multiple GI functions that are subject to neuronal regulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Oxytocin regulates gastrointestinal motility, inflammation, macromolecular permeability, and mucosal maintenance in mice

Welch

Margolis

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

130

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These data are mixed, however, as peripheral treatment with OT has been reported to have no effect on gastric emptying rate in humans [157] and rats [158] or a stimulatory effect on gastric motility in rabbits, possibly due to species differences [159]. However, systemic OT reduces gastric emptying in both mice [160] and rats [153,154].…”

Section: Potential Role Of Peripheral Otrs In the Nodose Ganglia Or Gmentioning

confidence: 87%

Translational and therapeutic potential of oxytocin as an anti-obesity strategy: Insights from rodents, nonhuman primates and humans

Blevins

Baskin

2015

Physiology & Behavior

128

100

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The fact that more than 78 million adults in the US are considered overweight or obese highlights the need to develop new, effective strategies to treat obesity and its associated complications, including type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. While the neurohypophyseal peptide oxytocin (OT) is well recognized for its peripheral effects to stimulate uterine contraction during parturition and milk ejection during lactation, release of OT within the brain is implicated in prosocial behaviors and in the regulation of energy balance. Previous findings indicate that chronic administration of OT decreases food intake and weight gain or elicits weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and rats. Furthermore, chronic systemic treatment with OT largely reproduces the effects of central administration to reduce weight gain in DIO and genetically obese rodents at doses that do not appear to result in tolerance. These findings have now been recently extended to more translational models of obesity showing that chronic subcutaneous or intranasal OT treatment is sufficient to elicit body weight loss in DIO nonhuman primates and pre-diabetic obese humans. This review assesses the potential use of OT as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of obesity in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans, and identifies potential mechanisms that mediate this effect.

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“…Also clinical studies conducted to investigate the efficacy of oxytocin nasal spray in nutrition recruited mainly male participants [9][10][11][12]. Interestingly, the only male participant (who also received oxytocin) recruited by the current study had a positive response to medical treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preclinical studies indicate that oxytocin administration decreases food consumption and body weight in obese and lean animals [5] but the few clinical studies conducted to date have produced conflicting results [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Oxytocin Nasal Spray in the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder and Obesity: A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial

Agabio¹,

Farci²,

Curreli³

et al. 2016

Clin Pharmacol Biopharm

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BackgroundPreclinical studies suggest that the neuropeptide oxytocin reduces food intake and body weight, but only a few clinical studies have investigated the translatability of these findings in humans. The present study investigated the safety and efficacy of oxytocin nasal spray in patients affected by binge eating disorder and obesity. MethodsSeventeen outpatients affected by binge eating disorder and obesity participated in a 8 week double-blind trial and received oxytocin (n=8; 24 IU, four times a day, 20 min before each of three meals and before going to bed) or placebo (n=9) with an energy-restricted diet. Primary outcomes included adverse events and the number of binge eating episodes per week. Secondary measures included body weight, BMI, severity of BED, craving for food, quality of sleep, quality of life, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. ResultsOne patient of oxytocin group discontinued prematurely the trial before the first post-randomization efficacy measure. Among the other 16 participants, 13 (81.2%) completed the trial, and 3 (18.8%) discontinued [3 in the oxytocin group; 0 in the placebo group (p=0.0625, Fisher's exact test)]. No significant difference between groups was found in any outcome evaluated. Patients of the placebo group performed slightly better than patients of the oxytocin group in some secondary outcomes, but these differences were not significant. ConclusionOxytocin nasal spray resulted to be safe, including in women of childbearing age but did not significantly reduce the number of binge eating episodes per week in outpatients affected by binge eating disorder and obesity. These findings are discussed in light of the human oxytocin literature.

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Oxytocin reduces satiety scores without affecting the volume of nutrient intake or gastric emptying rate in healthy subjects

Abstract: Infusion of oxytocin reduces satiety without affecting the volume of nutrient intake or gastric emptying in healthy subjects.

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Oxytocin regulates gastrointestinal motility, inflammation, macromolecular permeability, and mucosal maintenance in mice

Oxytocin regulates gastrointestinal motility, inflammation, macromolecular permeability, and mucosal maintenance in mice

Translational and therapeutic potential of oxytocin as an anti-obesity strategy: Insights from rodents, nonhuman primates and humans

Oxytocin Nasal Spray in the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder and Obesity: A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial

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