Oyster Mushroom Spores Ghost Preparation for Medicinal, Biotechnological and Forensic Applications

Abstract

Recently, a simple protocol, named Sponge Like Protocol (SLP) was introduced for the preparation of bacterial ghost cells. This protocol is based on determination of both, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and the minimum growth concentration (MGC) of some chemical compounds, which can induce pore(s) formation in the target microbial cell membrane/wall. Fine tuning of the effective concentrations of these chemical compounds enables cell evacuation while maintaining its correct 3D structure. The intact surface antigens are still able to activate the immune system as proven by the previous studies. The current study is a further step to evacuate another cell type, the spores of oyster mushroom, for the first time. The serial dilution method was controlled by direct plate count method to determine the correct concentrations of both MIC and MGC. Both of the DNA and proteins, which were released from the evacuated spores, were determined spectrophotometrically at 260 and 280nm, respectively. The evacuated spores' quality was determined using both light and electron microscopes. The results showed a typical ghost-spore particle structure that can be used in medicinal, environmental, biotechnological, and forensic applications. We recommend the application of the current protocol for preparing various ghost-spore particles from different fungal origins. This method could have a potential use in reducing fungal spore pollution.

Bacterial and Microbial Ghosts Preparation

“…The idea of introducing the 'cell evacology' as a separate new science has been proposed. Microbes like yeast, fungi, and mushrooms are evacuated (N Abd El-Baky, et al [48,52,49,53]). None of the many investigated microbes is resisting the evacuation processes following the main protocol.…”