Ozone: Nonlinear Relation of Dose and Injury in Plants

Heck, Walter W.; Dunning, John A.; Hindawi, I.J.

doi:10.1126/science.151.3710.577

Cited by 69 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…12 16 plants were exposed at each combination of concentration and duration (4 plants at a time for 4 replications of each concentration-duration combination). The percent of foliar surface injured on each plant was noted.…”

Section: Ozone Injury To Pinto Beanmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Air Quality Data Analysis System for Interrelating Effects, Standards, and Needed Source Reductions: Part 3. Vegetation Injury

Larsen¹,

Heck²

1976

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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Section: Ozone Injury To Pinto Beanmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Air Quality Data Analysis System for Interrelating Effects, Standards, and Needed Source Reductions: Part 3. Vegetation Injury

Larsen¹,

Heck²

1976

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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“…However, in general, rankings using visible symptoms bear little relationship to those based on growth (Jensen & Masters, 1975;Heagle, 1979;Kress & Skelly, 1982;Kohut, Lawrence & Colavito, 1988). This ma}' he partly due to the fact that expression of symptoms is affected hy the weather, plant maturity and other stresses (Heck, Dunning & Hindawi, 1966;Haas, 1970,-Mukammal, Neumann & Hofstra, 1982Mehlhorn & Wellburn, 1987;Taylor et aL, 1988). The present experiment supported the view that visible symptoms are of limited value, particularly because the most severely affected British species (P. major, P. coronopus etc.)…”

Section: Visible Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of native, herbaceous species to ozone: growth and fluorescence screening

1992

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SUMMARYOzone concentrations in many parts of Europe exceed the proposed UN-ECE Critical Levels for the protection of ecosystems but there is so little known about the effects on native, herbaceous species, that it is presently impossible to judge what effect, if any, these concentrations are having on this group of plants. This paper reports the results of an initial screening of 32 taxa that was used to select a small number of species for further work. All were exposed to 70 nl 1"^ Og given for 7 h d"' for two weeks and the response measured in terms of nnean relative growth rate {R), the allometric root/shoot coefficient {K), and changes in induced chlorophyll fluorescence (/^).Only six species showed visible symptoms but 14 showed a significant reduction in R. There was no relationship between the extent of visible symptoms and growth reduction, confirming that visible symptoms are often of little value in determining growth sensitivity to O3 stress. There were marked differences within genera and within species; a population of Plantago major collected in Athens showed no effects, while a Derbyshire population, with a 24 % reduction in R, was the most sensitive of taxa tested, including Bel-W3 tobacco which has been specifically hred for O3 sensitivity.There was a significant regression of R\ change on the R of controls {R% = 12-4-104 x ^, P = 0-0007, r = -0-56), implying that > 30°(, of the variation in response between taxa was related to the inherent R; faster growing taxa tending to show a greater reduction in R on exposure to O3. It is tentatively suggested that this may be related to differences in stomatal conductance.Ozone caused a significant shift in K" in 14 taxa, with many of the biggest changes being in grasses. Although O3 reduced K in some taxa, contrary to several published accounts, it increased it in others, and in some there was an effect on K with no effect on R. Possible reasons for this are discussed.Chlorophyll fluorescence was examined as a tool for detecting Oj stress. The maximum rate of rise of induced fluorescence, Fj^, was very sensitive to O3 but showed a complex pattern of response dependent on species and time. Most taxa showed a significant change in Fj^, even when there was no effect of the O3 on R or K. Whilst the sensitivity of F^ makes it a useful method for in vivo detection of O3 stress, the complexity of the response makes it very difficult to quantify and use for comparisons between species.

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“…For ozone exposures affecting agricultural crops, shortterm, high concentration (episodic) exposures appear to be more important than long-term, low concentration exposures. 6 " 11 Little is known about specific exposure regimes that affect trees. For sulfur dioxide exposures, Stratmann 12 has pointed out that 1) the degree of damage to vegetation rises progressively with concentration even though the products of concentration and time are equal and 2) no damage to vegetation is observed (even under long periods of exposures) below a limiting sulfur doxide concentration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characterization of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide Air Quality Data for Assessing Possible Vegetation Effects

Lefohn¹,

Jones²

1986

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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Ozone: Nonlinear Relation of Dose and Injury in Plants

Abstract: Ozone produces a sigmoidal dose-injury response in sensitive tobacco and pinto bean. A definite threshold concentration and presentation time are required before injury is initiated.

Cited by 69 publications

References 4 publications

An Air Quality Data Analysis System for Interrelating Effects, Standards, and Needed Source Reductions: Part 3. Vegetation Injury

An Air Quality Data Analysis System for Interrelating Effects, Standards, and Needed Source Reductions: Part 3. Vegetation Injury

The response of native, herbaceous species to ozone: growth and fluorescence screening

The Characterization of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide Air Quality Data for Assessing Possible Vegetation Effects

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