p-Terphenyls from Fungus Paxillus curtisii Chelate Irons: A Proposed Role of p-Terphenyls in Fungus

Abstract

Diverse p-terphenyl compounds, named curtisians, have been isolated from the fungus Paxillus curtisii, and degradation of wood by this fungus is thought to be progressed by iron chelation of p-terphenyl curtisians. In this study, the iron chelation ability of p-terphenyls has been proved by chrome azurol S (CAS) assay, reducing power, and UV-visible spectroscopic analyses. The catechol moiety of p-terphenyl is an essential factor for the potent iron chelation ability, and thus deacylated curtisian with a tetrahydroxyl moiety in the central ring of p-terphenyl is more effective than acylated curtisians.

Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Systems: Microengineering to Biomimic Living Systems

“…Most organs of interest have inherent complexity with multiple closely interrelated cell types. Models require regulation in 3D environments or aggregates for better physiological accuracy, such as the functional units of liver sinusoids, [ 32,154,155 ] brain cerebral cortex structures, [ 86 ] bone marrow hematopoietic niches, [ 156 ] and tumor aggregates. [157][158][159] Therefore, the essential aspect in developing these complex living systems is the ability to control and mimic 3D biological architecture with diverse modules and spatiotemporal chemical microenvironments.…”

“…D) Schematic diagram and SEM image of sinusoid units and mimicking hepatocyte microenvironment with endothelial-like barrier on a microfl uidic chip. [ 32 ] Copyright 2007, John Wiley and Sons. E) Schematic cross-section of a bioreactor contains reactor and reservoir separated at the centers of the wells.…”

“…A biologically inspired liver sinusoid with a microfl uidic endothelial-like barrier was also created by packing a high density of hepatocytes into a microchannel, aiming to emulate mass transport properties similar to the liver acinus (Figure 4 D). [ 32 ] This microscale culture unit consisted of a sieved-pocket cell culture area corresponding to densely packed hepatocytes fed by diffusion of nutrients across the parallel transport channels from a convective transport vessel. This microfl uidic endothelial-like barrier with narrow channels (1-2 µm) created fl uid resistance, and served two functions of concentrating cells by allowing diffusive transport while minimizing convective fl ow into the cell culture area.…”

“…Developing an organ on a chip requires one to identify key aspects of the geometrical, mechanical, and biochemical microenvironment of the tissue or organ of interest. [ 30,31 ] Typical key aspects include patterned barriers and channels between the internal and external interspaces to mimic artifi cial endothelial-like barriers, [ 32 ] two-compartment membrane culture systems within the channels to create air-liquid interfaces, [33][34][35] and a multilayer membrane-based moving air-liquid interface that can deform under vacuum to achieve mechanical stretching. [ 11,36,37 ] During development, several individual key aspects of the physiological microenvironment of the specifi c tissue or organ are fi rst identifi ed and introduced into the tissue model.…”

Non-peptide secondary metabolites from poisonous mushrooms: overview of chemistry, bioactivity, and biosynthesis

“…124 The tested compounds showed positive reaction results by demonstrating similar chelation ability compared to the controls, including a traditionally used iron chelator-deferrioxamine, an antioxidant-butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and Trolox. 118 This result suggests that the catechol moiety of p -terphenyls can provide some significant iron chelation and that this can act as a key modulator in the biological degradation of wood for P. curtisii metabolism and growth. 125…”