P020 Effects of Supply With Glutamine on Antioxidant System in Patients With Parenteral Nutrition

Abilés, J.; Pérez, Roxana Sierra; Castaño, José; Ayuso, J.M.P. Moreno; Cruz, A. Pérez de la; Moreno-Torres, Rosario

doi:10.1016/s1744-1161(08)70082-6

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The previous studies have shown that Gln improves the antioxidant defenses in patients [3][4][5]127] and attenuates apoptosis in experimental rat [6][7][8]128]. The enterocytes in the small intestine convert the most of Gln in diet and plasma to Ala, Cit and Pro that are released into the blood circulation in Gln-supplementation mammalian [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Effects Of the Combination Of Ala Cit And Pro On • Oh-inducmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The metabolites of glutamine prevent hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondria and calcium ion involved pathways in fish erythrocytes

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2016

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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a b s t r a c tThe present study explored the apoptosis pathways in hydroxyl radicals ( • OH)-induced carp erythrocytes. Carp erythrocytes were treated with the caspase inhibitors in physiological carp saline (PCS) or Ca 2 þ -free PCS in the presence of 40 μM FeSO 4 /20 μM H 2 O 2 . The results showed that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the release of cytochrome c and DNA fragmentation were caspase-dependent, and Ca 2 þ was involved in calpain activation and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure in • OH-induced carp erythrocytes. Moreover, the results suggested that caspases were involved in PS exposure, and Ca 2 þ was involved in DNA fragmentation in • OH-induced fish erythrocytes. These results demonstrated that there might be two apoptosis pathways in fish erythrocytes, one is the caspase and cytochrome c-dependent apoptosis that is similar to that in mammal nucleated cells, the other is the Ca 2 þ -involved apoptosis that was similar to that in mammal non-nucleated erythrocytes. So, fish erythrocytes may be used as a model for studying oxidative stress and apoptosis in mammal cells. Furthermore, the present study investigated the effects of glutamine (Gln)'s metabolites [alanine (Ala), citrulline (Cit), proline (Pro) and their combination (Ala 10 Pro 4 Cit 1 )] on the pathways of apoptosis in fish erythrocytes. The results displayed that Ala, Cit, Pro and Ala 10 Pro 4 Cit 1 effectively suppressed ROS generation, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 at the physiological concentrations, prevented Ca 2 þ influx, calpain activation, PS exposure, DNA fragmentation and the degradation of the cytoskeleton and oxidation of membrane and hemoglobin (Hb) and increased activity of anti-hydroxyl radical (AHR) in • OH-induced carp erythrocytes. Ala 10 Pro 4 Cit 1 produced a synergistic effect of inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis in fish erythrocytes. These results demonstrated that Ala, Cit, Pro and their combination can protect mammal erythrocytes and nucleated cells against oxidative stress and apoptosis. The studies supported the use of Gln, Ala, Cit and Pro as oxidative stress and apoptosis inhibitors in mammal cells and the hypothesis that the inhibited effects of Gln on oxidative stress and apoptosis are at least partly dependent on that of its metabolites in mammalian.

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Section: Effects Of the Combination Of Ala Cit And Pro On • Oh-inducmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies demonstrated that Gln improves clinical antioxidant outcome in patients [3][4][5] and attenuates apoptosis in experimental rat [6][7][8]. The anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of Gln may be closely associated with its metabolites in mammalian.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolites of glutamine prevent hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondria and calcium ion involved pathways in fish erythrocytes

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2016

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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“…2 C) in myocardium. A probable mechanism for this protection may be that wheat germ components, such as vitamins, organic acids, sterols, lipids, glutamic acid, proteins, antioxidants, and others (16,17,18,19) may protect against ionizing radiation by directly absorbing it or by neutralizing or inhibiting the formation of free radicals (20,21) as compared to the standard diet. This would leave fewer free radicals available to damage DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The radioprotective effect of a wheat germ diet on rat myocardial tissue exposed to X-rays

et al. 2019

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Introducción: Determinar si una dieta con germen de trigo (Triticum aestivum) tiene un efecto radio protector sobre el tejido miocárdico de ratas albinas (Rattus rattus var. Albinus) Método: Ratas con un peso entre 200 - 250 g fueron divididas en 4 grupos de 6 cada uno: Dos grupos fueron alimentadas con una dieta regular de germen de trigo durante 16 días antes y después de una única exposición a un grupo con 18 mSv de rayos X. Los otros dos grupos fueron alimentados con una dieta estándar, uno de ellos, fue expuesto a los rayos X. Los animales fueron sacrificados y se realizó un estudio histopatológico del tejido cardiaco. Resultados: Las ratas alimentadas con una dieta estándar y expuesta a los rayos X, presentaron marcada hiperemia de vasos sanguíneos, necrosis, presencia de fibrocitos en el tejido conectivo, pérdida de la arquitectura y disposición radial muscular. Las ratas expuestas y alimentadas con dieta de trigo presentaron solo una ligera necrosis y presencia de fibrocitos. Las ratas no expuestas a rayos X presentaron un miocardio saludable. Conclusiones: La dieta del germen de trigo puede tener un efecto radioprotector sobre el miocardio de rata.

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“…Preoperative PN has a known association with shorter postoperative LOS in elective patients [36]. Additional benefits for PN-GLN may come from the antioxidant properties of glutamine as a substrate for synthesis of glutathione [37,38], and its reported role in preservation of the intestinal epithelial barrier through enterocyte nutrition [39]. Additionally, glutamine is also a substrate for gluconeogenesis in the liver and may support mobilisation of energy reserves [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the evidence for the use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in critically ill surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Background Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes in surgical patients and corrective enteral feeding may not be possible. This is a particular problem in the acute setting where malnutrition is prevalent. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in critically ill surgical patients. Methods This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017079567). Searches of the CENTRAL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases were performed using a predefined strategy. Randomised trials published in English since 1995, reporting a comparison of PN vs any comparator in a critically ill surgical population were included. The primary outcome was mortality. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessment. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to assess variation in mortality and length of stay. Results Fourteen RCTs were identified; standard PN was compared vs other forms of PN in ten studies, to PN with variable dose amino acids in one, and to enteral nutrition (EN) in three. In trials comparing glutamine-supplemented PN (PN-GLN) to PN, a non-significant reduction in mortality was noted (risk difference − 0.08. 95% CI − 0.17, 0.01, p = 0.08). A trend for a reduction in length of stay was seen in PN-GLN to PN comparator (mean reduction − 2.4, 95% CI − 7.19 to 2.32 days, I 2 = 92%). Impact on other outcome measures varied in direction of effect. Conclusions PN may offer benefit in critically ill surgical patients. The size and quality of studies lead to uncertainty around the estimates of clinical effect, meaning a robust trial is required.

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P020 Effects of Supply With Glutamine on Antioxidant System in Patients With Parenteral Nutrition

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

The metabolites of glutamine prevent hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondria and calcium ion involved pathways in fish erythrocytes

The metabolites of glutamine prevent hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondria and calcium ion involved pathways in fish erythrocytes

The radioprotective effect of a wheat germ diet on rat myocardial tissue exposed to X-rays

What is the evidence for the use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in critically ill surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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