P049: Modelling and manufacturing of a 3D printed trachea for cricothyroidotomy simulation

Abstract

Introduction: Most current cricothyroidotomy simulation models are either expensive or low fidelity and limit the learner to an unrealistic simulation experience. The goal of this project is to innovate current simulation techniques by 3D printing anatomically accurate trachea models. By doing so emergency cricothyroidotomy simulation can be accessible, high fidelity, cost effective and replicable. Methods: 3D modelling software was used in conjunction with a desktop 3D printer to design and manufacture an anatomically accurate model of the cartilage within the trachea (thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and the tracheal rings). The initial design was based on dimensions found in studies measuring the dimensions of tracheal anatomy. This ensured an appropriate anatomical landmark design was achieved. Several revisions of the model were designed and qualitatively assessed by medical and simulation professionals to ensure anatomical accuracy that exceeded that of the currently used, low cost, cricothyroidotomy simulation model in St. John’s. Results: Using an entry level desktop 3D printer, a low cost tracheal model was successfully designed that can be printed in under 3 hours. Due to its anatomical accuracy, flexibility and durability, this model is ideal for use in emergency medicine simulation training. Additionally, the model can be assembled in conjunction with a membrane to simulate tracheal ligaments and skin for appearance. Conclusion: The end result is a high fidelity simulation that will provide users with an anatomically correct model to practice important skills used in emergency airway surgery, specifically land marking, incision and intubation. This design is a novel, easy to manufacture, replicable, low fidelity trachea model that can be used by educators with limited resources such as those in rural and remote areas.

Hands-On Practice on Sustainable Simulators in the Context of Training for Rural and Remote Practice Through a Fundamental Skills Workshop

“…Content and delivery: The cricothyroidotomy station was organized to teach participants how to perform a cricothyroidotomy procedure, specifically the surgical technique and the needle puncture technique, including the Seldinger technique, on a cricothyroidotomy simulator [ 20 ]. The equipment was set up at the station with the cricothyroidotomy simulator for the participants (Figure 4 ).…”

“…With respect to the simulator itself, the instructor liked the simplicity of it but suggested that the skin layer be thinner. The thickness of the skin layer for the cricothyroidotomy simulator, as with other simulators developed in the maxSIMhealth lab, was determined through an iterative process of consultations between the development and clinical team and participant feedback [ 20 - 21 ].…”

Development and Evaluation of a Three-Dimensional-Printed Pediatric Intraosseous Infusion Simulator To Enhance Medical Training

“…Models can be printed for as little as $0.50 [ 12 ], and as time passes, the cost of using 3D printing is projected to decrease even further [ 13 ]. It has also been shown that the use of 3D-printed models is more readily available and better represents anatomical features for learning [ 14 , 15 ]. Finally, the use of 3D haptic models is known to be an important educational asset.…”

Evaluation of a Novel 3D-Printed Urinary Catheterization Simulation Model in Undergraduate Medical Teaching

“…Simulation using 3D-printed models has the advantage of being easily produced, inexpensive, with transferrable designs, and highly anatomically correct [13][14][15]. Specific patient anatomy can be incorporated using contemporary imaging techniques, allowing for the appreciation of individual anatomy for surgical planning or as a patient teaching aid.…”