P20 The relationship between a trusted adult and adolescent health and education outcomes: A systematic review

Whitehead, Ross; Pringle, Jan; Milne, Dona; Scott, Eileen; McAteer, John

doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2019-rcpch-sahm.26

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In line with previous research (Miller-Lewis et al, 2014; Patalay et al, 2019; Van Ryzin et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2013), a higher level of school belonging was associated with better mental health, as was positive student-teacher relationships. The positive impact of teachers in the current study supports recent policy work in Scotland regarding the protective effect of “one trusted adult” for adolescent mental health (Whitehead et al, 2019). Further, perceptions of greater exam pressure in school were associated with worse mental health, while those who perceived their school to be inclusive reported better mental health.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

School Climate, Peer Relationships, and Adolescent Mental Health: A Social Ecological Perspective

2020

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The current study investigated peer relationship and school climate factors associated with adolescent mental health. Cross-sectional data from 2,571 fifteen-year old students in 22 Scottish secondary schools was used. Multilevel models tested for school differences in mental health, and nested linear regression models estimated peer and school effects. Results demonstrated no significant between-school variation in mental health. Peer victimization was the only peer effect associated with mental health. School-belonging, student-teacher relationships, and a perceived inclusive school climate were associated with better mental health, whereas a perceived school climate of exam pressure was associated with worse mental health. The findings highlight multiple aspects of school climate that could be targeted in school-based interventions for adolescent mental health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

School Climate, Peer Relationships, and Adolescent Mental Health: A Social Ecological Perspective

2020

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“…For example, the systematic review of out-of-school youth development interventions (Ciocanel, Power, Eriksen, & Gillings, 2017), reported benefits relating to educational achievement and psychological adjustment, but not to problem behaviour or sexual risk behaviour. Such variations may be down to limitations within individual study tools or the study methods utilised (Whitehead et al, 2019), but are nevertheless important to note. Details of outcome areas that will be measured as part of, for example, intervention evaluation, can be itemised in section 6 of the taxonomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the review are reported elsewhere (Whitehead, Pringle, Scott, Milne, & McAteer, 2019). In brief, the review concluded that it is often difficult to specify the unique impact of the trusted adult role on adolescent health and/or education outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the value of mentoring has been recognised for decades (Sipe, 2002), during the course of the review it became apparent that there was no common terminology, agreed explicit definition, or detail regarding the personal qualities, function and roles fulfilled by trusted adults that was used consistently across the papers (Whitehead et al, 2019). In such circumstances, where terms are used inconsistently, and with differing meanings, the development of a taxonomy can be helpful (Ring et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing a taxonomy to characterise trusted adult support in the lives of adolescents

Pringle

McAteer

Whitehead

et al. 2019

Journal of Adolescence

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IntroductionA systematic review of trusted adult interventions for adolescents revealed that there was no common terminology, agreed explicit definition, or detail, regarding the personal qualities, functions and roles fulfilled by trusted adults that was used consistently across the papers. To provide clarity, we therefore aimed to produce a taxonomy of trusted adult input, using evidence drawn from our review.MethodsData from the review findings were used to compile the taxonomy, moving from the general to the more specific, in a four stage process. This involved: (1) compilation of elements described in individual papers, (2) grouping of elements derived from stage 1 into categories, (3) examination of context and nature of the relationship, (4) development of a categorisation of trusted adult input.FindingsThe resulting taxonomy encapsulates core essential qualities provided by people acting in trusted adult or mentoring roles, and gives details relating to what a young person might expect from individuals they put their trust in. The taxonomy consists of six categories relating to: delivery context, roles of trusted adults, nature of support, personal qualities, actions/functions, and impact.ConclusionsThe taxonomy describes key elements that define the trusted adult role, and has the potential to inform the development of policies and guidelines relating to support provision. It may be used as a framework for the reporting of trusted adult interventions within research, and act as a helpful guide if a young person is in doubt about the behaviour or qualities displayed by an adult in their environment.

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“…The participants were then asked who should receive such alerts. We probed about emergency services, which the Facebook suicide intervention alerts, and trusted adults (parents or guardians and school staff or teachers) frequently identified in prior literature [ 44 , 45 ]. Participants were also probed about why they endorsed or opposed these alert recipients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Alerts Issued by Social Media Platforms in Response to Self-injury Posts Among Latinx Adolescents: Qualitative Analysis

Laestadius¹,

Craig²,

Campos-Castillo³

2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background There is growing interest in using social media data to detect and address nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents. Adolescents often do not seek clinical help for NSSI and may adopt strategies to obscure detection; therefore, social media platforms may be able to facilitate early detection and treatment by using machine learning models to screen posts for harmful content and subsequently alert adults. However, such efforts have raised privacy and ethical concerns among health researchers. Little is currently known about how adolescents perceive these efforts. Objective The aim of this study is to examine perceptions of automated alerts for NSSI posts on social media among Latinx adolescents, who are at risk for NSSI yet are underrepresented in both NSSI and health informatics research. In addition, we considered their perspectives on preferred recipients of automated alerts. Methods We conducted semistructured, qualitative interviews with 42 Latinx adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years who were recruited from a nonprofit organization serving the Latinx community in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Latinx population in Milwaukee is largely of Mexican descent. All interviews were conducted between June and July 2019. Transcripts were analyzed using framework analysis to discern their perceptions of automated alerts sent by social media platforms and potential alert recipients. Results Participants felt that automated alerts would make adolescents safer and expedite aid before the situation escalated. However, some worried that hyperbolic statements would generate false alerts and instigate conflicts. Interviews revealed strong opinions about ideal alert recipients. Parents were most commonly endorsed, but support was conditional on perceptions that the parent would respond appropriately. Emergency services were judged as safer but inappropriate for situations considered lower risk. Alerts sent to school staff generated the strongest privacy concerns. Altogether, the preferred alert recipients varied by individual adolescents and perceived risks in the situation. None raised ethical concerns about the collection, analysis, or storage of personal information regarding their mental health status. Conclusions Overall, Latinx adolescents expressed broad support for automated alerts for NSSI on social media, which indicates opportunities to address NSSI. However, these efforts should be co-constructed with adolescents to ensure that preferences and needs are met, as well as embedded within broader approaches for addressing structural and cultural barriers to care.

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P20 The relationship between a trusted adult and adolescent health and education outcomes: A systematic review

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

School Climate, Peer Relationships, and Adolescent Mental Health: A Social Ecological Perspective

School Climate, Peer Relationships, and Adolescent Mental Health: A Social Ecological Perspective

Developing a taxonomy to characterise trusted adult support in the lives of adolescents

Perceptions of Alerts Issued by Social Media Platforms in Response to Self-injury Posts Among Latinx Adolescents: Qualitative Analysis

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