P315 Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients: Impact of initial antibiotic therapy on survival

Migiyama, Yohei; Yanagihara, K.; Kaku, Nobuo; Harada, Yousuke; Yamada, Keiko; Nagaoka, Kentaro; Morinaga, Y.; Hasegawa, Hiroo; Izumikawa, K.; Kakeya, Hiroshi; Kohno, Shigeru

doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70556-9

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) is a motile, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacillus with non-fastidious growth requirements, which is ubiquitous in various aquatic environments, in addition to being commonly involved in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) [ 1 , 2 ]. P. aeruginosa is considered as an opportunistic pathogen (8–20% of hospitalized individuals are colonized), as it is more commonly found in patients affected by invasive surgical interventions, immunosuppression (associated with malignancies and their treatment, HIV infection), or other underlying diseases (e.g., diabetes) [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. This microorganism has been associated with a wide variety of hard-to-treat infections, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), sepsis, skin and soft tissue infections (linked to burn injuries or pressure ulcers), bone and joint infections, otitis externa, and keratitis [ 6 , 7 ]; in addition, multisite infections are also fairly common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Correlation between Biofilm Formation, Virulence Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Results from a Laboratory-Based In Vitro Study

et al. 2021

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) possesses a plethora of virulence determinants, including the production of biofilm, pigments, exotoxins, proteases, flagella, and secretion systems. The aim of our present study was to establish the relationship between biofilm-forming capacity, the expression of some important virulence factors, and the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype in P. aeruginosa. A total of three hundred and two (n = 302) isolates were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and phenotypic detection of resistance determinants were carried out; based on these results, isolates were grouped into distinct resistotypes and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices were calculated. The capacity of isolates to produce biofilm was assessed using a crystal violet microtiter-plate based method. Motility (swimming, swarming, and twitching) and pigment-production (pyoverdine and pyocyanin) were also measured. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to determine for antimicrobial resistance, biofilm-formation, and expression of other virulence factors. Resistance rates were the highest for ceftazidime (56.95%; n = 172), levofloxacin (54.97%; n = 166), and ciprofloxacin (54.64%; n = 159), while lowest for colistin (1.66%; n = 5); 44.04% (n = 133) of isolates were classified as MDR. 19.87% (n = 60), 20.86% (n = 63) and 59.27% (n = 179) were classified as weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. With the exception of pyocyanin production (0.371 ± 0.193 vs. non-MDR: 0.319 ± 0.191; p = 0.018), MDR and non-MDR isolates did not show significant differences in expression of virulence factors. Additionally, no relevant correlations were seen between the rate of biofilm formation, pigment production, or motility. Data on interplay between the presence and mechanisms of drug resistance with those of biofilm formation and virulence is crucial to address chronic bacterial infections and to provide strategies for their management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Correlation between Biofilm Formation, Virulence Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Results from a Laboratory-Based In Vitro Study

et al. 2021

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“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative, rod-shaped, monoflagellated bacterium, is one of the most frequent causative agents for hospital-acquired infections resulting in loss of life (Buhl et al, 2015), with immunocompromised patient's survival rates being disproportionately lowered (Migiyama et al, 2013). Chronic lung infections caused by P. aeruginosa are a common cause of death in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with those affected often experiencing recurrent infections (Murphy et al, 2008;Yum et al, 2014).…”

Section: Pseudomonas Aeruginosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Manipulation of the Integrated Stress Response: A New Perspective on Infection

et al. 2021

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Host immune activation forms a vital line of defence against bacterial pathogenicity. However, just as hosts have evolved immune responses, bacteria have developed means to escape, hijack and subvert these responses to promote survival. In recent years, a highly conserved group of signalling cascades within the host, collectively termed the integrated stress response (ISR), have become increasingly implicated in immune activation during bacterial infection. Activation of the ISR leads to a complex web of cellular reprogramming, which ultimately results in the paradoxical outcomes of either cellular homeostasis or cell death. Therefore, any pathogen with means to manipulate this pathway could induce a range of cellular outcomes and benefit from favourable conditions for long-term survival and replication. This review aims to outline what is currently known about bacterial manipulation of the ISR and present key hypotheses highlighting areas for future research.

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P315 Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients: Impact of initial antibiotic therapy on survival

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

No Correlation between Biofilm Formation, Virulence Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Results from a Laboratory-Based In Vitro Study

No Correlation between Biofilm Formation, Virulence Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Results from a Laboratory-Based In Vitro Study

Bacterial Manipulation of the Integrated Stress Response: A New Perspective on Infection

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