2022
DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01968-1
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PACAP and VIP Mitigate Rotenone-Induced Inflammation in BV-2 Microglial Cells

Abstract: Rotenone is a commercial pesticide commonly used to model Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to its ability to induce dopaminergic degeneration. Studies have confirmed that rotenone causes microglial activation, which seems to contribute to the toxic effects seen in rodent models. Pituitary adenylate cyclase–activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are two structurally related neuropeptides that have robust neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, their ability to regu… Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…RES also limited the initiation effect of rotenone on IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α, as well as enhanced the protective effect of on rotenone‐induced BV‐2 cell injury via the inhibition of STAT1 and Keap1 and the upregulation of Nrf2 and SLC7A11. In conclusion, RES attenuated rotenone‐induced inflammation and oxidative stress in BV‐2 cells through enhancing the inhibition of STAT1 and Keap1 and the upregulation of Nrf2 and SLC7A11 pathways (Broome, Musumeci, & Castorina, 2022; Gates, Bernath, & Klegeris, 2022; Sun, Li, Shen, & Xiao, 2021).…”
Section: Effect On Diabetic Neuropathymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…RES also limited the initiation effect of rotenone on IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α, as well as enhanced the protective effect of on rotenone‐induced BV‐2 cell injury via the inhibition of STAT1 and Keap1 and the upregulation of Nrf2 and SLC7A11. In conclusion, RES attenuated rotenone‐induced inflammation and oxidative stress in BV‐2 cells through enhancing the inhibition of STAT1 and Keap1 and the upregulation of Nrf2 and SLC7A11 pathways (Broome, Musumeci, & Castorina, 2022; Gates, Bernath, & Klegeris, 2022; Sun, Li, Shen, & Xiao, 2021).…”
Section: Effect On Diabetic Neuropathymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[43,44] BSP has powerful antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and brain energy metabolism benefits. [25][26][27][28] Thus, this neuronal survival and motor function in traumatic brain injury. [24] Oxidative stress plays a significant role in MTX toxicity in different organs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[22] BSP is linked to improved pilocarpine-induced seizures, [23] trauma brain injury-induced cognitive impairment and histological abrasions, [24] and rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease. [25] Even though BSP possesses antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects, [25][26][27][28] its potential impact on the pathogenesis of MTX-evoked hippocampal intoxication and associated molecular mechanisms are still unknown. As a result, the current study investigated the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of BSP in attenuating MTX-induced hippocampal toxicity, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and the inflammatory response, such as the NF-κB and ROS/ NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathways.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…VIP has been shown to prevent PD pathogenesis in several preclinical models of disease [ 68 ]. These peptides were analysed as we have previously shown that both peptides reduce microglial polarization in vitro [ 69 ], demonstrating their potential as therapeutic targets in PD. In a study by de Souza and collaborators, the authors describe these two peptides as neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory against experimental PD, acting mainly by reducing neuroinflammation, promoting dopaminergic neuronal survival and preserving cognitive functions [ 70 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%