Pacific Island Beaches: Values, Threats and Rehabilitation

Ellison, JC

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58304-4_34

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the whole, the abundance and diversity of microbiome in the five phyllosphere samples was significantly different. SS had the lowest abundance of fungal and bacterial population sizes and this might be related to the waxy leaves known as features of SS [30], which are not suitable for colonization of large numbers of microorganisms. Some cultivation studies found that bacteria are more abundantly on succulent herbaceous plants than on grasses or waxy broad-leaved plants [9,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Microbial Community of Phyllosphere Associated with Five Tropical Plants on Yongxing Island, South China Sea

Bao

Cai

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The surfaces of a leaf are unique and wide habitats for a microbial community. These microorganisms play a key role in plant growth and adaptation to adverse conditions, such as producing growth factors to promote plant growth and inhibiting pathogens to protect host plants. The composition of microbial communities very greatly amongst different plant species, yet there is little data on the composition of the microbiome of the host plants on the coral island in the South China Sea. In this study, we investigated the abundances and members of a major microbial community (fungi, bacteria, and diazotrophs) on the leaves of five dominant plant species (Ipomoea pes-caprae, Wedelia chinensis, Scaevola sericea, Cocos nucifera, and Sesuvium portulacastrum) on the island using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Quantitative PCR results showed that fungi and bacteria were ubiquitous and variable among different host plants. Scaevola sericea showed the lowest absolute abundance and highest diversity of fungi and bacteria, while Cocos nucifera had the lowest abundance and the highest diversity of diazotrophs compare to the other four plants. There was a small proportion of shared microorganisms among the five different plants, while unique fungi, bacteria and diazotrophs were significantly enriched for different host plant species in this study (p < 0.05). Some of the most abundant organisms found in the communities of these different host plants are involved in important biogeochemical cycles that can benefit their host, including carbon and nitrogen cycles.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Microbial Community of Phyllosphere Associated with Five Tropical Plants on Yongxing Island, South China Sea

Bao

Cai

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As elsewhere in the Mediterranean region, also the Tuscan coast is eroding (Ciccarelli 2015; Garcia‐Lozano et al 2018), and this constantly contributes to reducing the available physical space for dune plant species. Optimally, a rehabilitation that engages natural processes can improve beach resilience to erosion and reduce or prevent further erosion (Ellison 2018). However, the higher negative value of the HD site across all species categories, that is, all taxa, native taxa, and alien taxa, when compared to RH, provide further support that rehabilitation worked well in the target site, although there can still be ecological niches for more species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although dune rehabilitation studies seem to be not particularly abundant in the literature (but see, e.g. Fernández‐Montblanc et al 2020; Yang & Chu 2020), various actions have been carried out in dune systems (Grootjans et al 2002; Pickart 2013; Ellison 2018), for example, to mitigate degradation related to trampling (Santoro et al 2012 a ) or to recreate the initial dune topography, considering hydrodynamic, and morphodynamic aspects (Rozé & Lemauviel 2004; Fernández‐Montblanc et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem state assessment after more than 100 years since planting for dune consolidation

Bonari

Cubino

Sarmati

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The assessment of the ecosystem state is fundamental to understand the success of ecological rehabilitation, especially in the long term. We aim to evaluate the rehabilitation success of a unique Mediterranean dune system site along the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy which underwent a dune consolidation intervention and species planting at the beginning of the twentieth century after the destruction of the natural ecosystem. We used three nearby non‐rehabilitated protected coastal sites with different degrees of disturbance as reference sites encompassing different potential rehabilitation outcomes of the target site. To assess the overall result of the intervention, we used several plant characteristics and measured taxonomic and functional beta‐diversity between all sites. We compared the proportions of typical and ruderal species of dune habitat types across sites. We further used the species–area relationship to examine if the number of observed species in our sites differed from the expected. Our analyses revealed that the rehabilitated site was taxonomically and functionally more similar to the least disturbed site. We suggest that plant characteristics arising from botanical inventories can be fruitfully used in rehabilitation assessment as they value the taxonomic and functional species diversity at the community scale. We conclude that plant characteristics compared across sites are useful tools in ecosystem state assessment if they reflect the ecological functions and conservation values of the natural ecosystems.

show abstract

“…Continued supply of sediment can allow reef islands to morphologically adjust to changing environmental conditions (McKoy et al, 2010), and anthropogenic impacts such as trampling and anchor damage to nearshore habitats can reduce sediment supply, leading to beach erosion and threats to island communities and infrastructure. Beach rehabilitation can reduce erosion (Ellison et al, 2015), through reduction of human impacts that exacerbate erosion or damage sediment supply (Ebrahim, 2000), and use of ecosystem-based adaptation such as vegetation planting of littoral trees and vines (Ellison, 2018). Increased capacity for condition assessment, monitoring and management of coral reef and benthic lagoon habitats are direct preventative measures to prevent beach erosion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonate Beach Sand of Abaiang Atoll, Kiribati: Geochemistry, Biogenic Sources, and Properties

Ellison

Han

Lewis

2019

Atoll Research Bulletin

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sandy beaches are critical resources for low-lying Pacific atoll communities, providing protection during storms, and land area for many coastal villages. Information on the nature of atoll beach sediment, its geochemistry and composition, can help to establish priorities to effectively protect the sources of Pacific island beach sediment. To understand sand sources, this study evaluated its physical characteristics including grain-size, geochemistry and composition, from windward and leeward beach profiles around Abaiang Atoll, Kiribati. Beach sand was >99% carbonate, averaging 37% coral fragments, 30% mollusc shells, 12% foraminifera, and 20% calcareous algae. Significant differences were found between reef and lagoonal sites in proportions of coral and mollusc fragments and foraminifera tests, with lagoon beaches having higher mollusc and coral proportions and lower foraminifera relative to reef beaches. This is attributed to high foraminiferal productivity offshore of reef beaches, and taphonomic durability of coral fragments in longshore drift into the lagoon. Mean sediment diameter increased from the upper to lower beaches at all sites, but fine sediment was lacking, attributed to its dissolution by rainfall and groundwater outflow. Geochemical analysis showed a mean of 84% Ca-Mg carbonates, of which 80% was calcium carbonate. There was no significant difference in the mean calcium percentage or calcium carbonate composition of the sediment between lagoon and reef beach sediment sources. Magnesium and magnesium carbonate content were significantly higher at reef sites relative to lagoon sites, attributed to higher proportions of foraminifera. Sediment-producing near shore habitats are critical to village protection through provision of beach sand, and this study shows the need to better conserve and manage coral reefs and habitats such as lagoon seagrass beds, to ensure continued atoll beach sand supply.

show abstract

Pacific Island Beaches: Values, Threats and Rehabilitation

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Distinct Microbial Community of Phyllosphere Associated with Five Tropical Plants on Yongxing Island, South China Sea

Distinct Microbial Community of Phyllosphere Associated with Five Tropical Plants on Yongxing Island, South China Sea

Ecosystem state assessment after more than 100 years since planting for dune consolidation

Carbonate Beach Sand of Abaiang Atoll, Kiribati: Geochemistry, Biogenic Sources, and Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About