Packaging actomyosin-based biomolecular motor-driven devices for nanoactuator applications

Grove, Theresa J.; Puckett, K.A.; Brunet, Nicolas M.; Mihajlović, Goran; McFadden, Lori A.; Xiong, Peng; Molnár, S. von; Moerland, Timothy S.; Chase, P. Bryant

doi:10.1109/tadvp.2005.858341

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The entire strip along with the heater was covered with a 100 nm thick silicon oxide layer, which provided the electrical insulation and still retained the function of myosin and actin. The in vitro motility testing of the actin and myosin based device was successfully retained and analyzed in the presence of this electrical insulation layer of silicon oxide …”

Section: Microactuator Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabricated Micro‐Nano Devices for In vivo and In vitro Biomedical Applications

Barkam

Saraf

Seal

2013

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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In recent years, the innovative use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMSs) in biomedical applications has opened wide opportunities for precise and accurate human diagnostics and therapeutics. The introduction of nanotechnology in biomedical applications has facilitated the exact control and regulation of biological environments. This ability is derived from the small size of the devices and their multifunctional capabilities to operate at specific sites for selected durations of time. Researchers have developed wide varieties of unique and multifunctional MEMS/NEMS devices with micro and nano features for biomedical applications (BioMEMS/NEMS) using the state of the art microfabrication techniques and biocompatible materials. However, the integration of devices with the biological milieu is still a fundamental issue to be addressed. Devices often fail to operate due to loss of functionality, or generate adverse toxic effects inside the body. The in vitro and in vivo performance of implantable BioMEMS such as biosensors, smart stents, drug delivery systems, and actuation systems are researched extensively to understand the interaction of the BioMEMS devices with physiological environments. BioMEMS developed for drug delivery applications include microneedles, microreservoirs, and micropumps to achieve targeted drug delivery. The biocompatibility of BioMEMS is further enhanced through the application of tissue and smart surface engineering. This involves the application of nanotechnology, which includes the modification of surfaces with polymers or the self-assembly of monolayers of molecules. Thereby, the adverse effects of biofouling can be reduced and the performance of devices can be improved in in vivo and in vitro conditions.

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Section: Microactuator Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabricated Micro‐Nano Devices for In vivo and In vitro Biomedical Applications

Barkam

Saraf

Seal

2013

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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“…Moreover, the variation of the concentration of these parameters, if desirable, will be slow controllers of the functions of the motors. Along with packaging and long-term storage, [143] the reliable, fast, 'smart', nano-localized on-off control of the molecular motor-powered devices presents many challenges, and perhaps may be solved by a combination of biochemical, electrical, and thermal techniques engineered together.…”

Section: On-off Control Of the Operation Of Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Linear Molecular Motor-Powered Nanodevices

Bakewell

Nicolau

2007

Aust. J. Chem.

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Myosin-actin and kinesin-microtubule linear protein motor systems and their application in hybrid nanodevices are reviewed. Research during the past several decades has provided a wealth of understanding about the fundamentals of protein motors that continues to be pursued. It has also laid the foundations for a new branch of investigation that considers the application of these motors as key functional elements in laboratory-on-a-chip and other micro/nanodevices. Current models of myosin and kinesin motors are introduced and the effects of motility assay parameters, including temperature, toxicity, and in particular, surface effects on motor protein operation, are discussed. These parameters set the boundaries for gliding and bead motility assays. The review describes recent developments in assay motility confinement and unidirectional control, using micro-and nano-fabricated structures, surface patterning, microfluidic flow, electromagnetic fields, and self-assembled actin filament/microtubule tracks. Current protein motor assays are primitive devices, and the developments in governing control can lead to promising applications such as sensing, nano-mechanical drivers, and biocomputation.

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“…Several important steps towards a functional molecular motor driven diagnostic device have also been realized (reviewed in [8-13]) such as: (i) attachment of antibodies to cytoskeletal microtubule [14] and actin filament [15] shuttles, followed by molecular motor-driven transportation of analytes (viruses, protein antigens etc.) bound to the antibodies, (ii) nano/microfabrication of devices for guided transportation of the motor propelled shuttles to concentrate analytes at a detector site [6,7,16-18] and (iii) long-term storage of ready-to-use devices without loss of activity [19-21]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic capture from blood rescues molecular motor function in diagnostic nanodevices

et al. 2013

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BackgroundIntroduction of effective point-of-care devices for use in medical diagnostics is part of strategies to combat accelerating health-care costs. Molecular motor driven nanodevices have unique potentials in this regard due to unprecedented level of miniaturization and independence of external pumps. However motor function has been found to be inhibited by body fluids.ResultsWe report here that a unique procedure, combining separation steps that rely on antibody-antigen interactions, magnetic forces applied to magnetic nanoparticles (MPs) and the specificity of the actomyosin bond, can circumvent the deleterious effects of body fluids (e.g. blood serum). The procedure encompasses the following steps: (i) capture of analyte molecules from serum by MP-antibody conjugates, (ii) pelleting of MP-antibody-analyte complexes, using a magnetic field, followed by exchange of serum for optimized biological buffer, (iii) mixing of MP-antibody-analyte complexes with actin filaments conjugated with same polyclonal antibodies as the magnetic nanoparticles. This causes complex formation: MP-antibody-analyte-antibody-actin, and magnetic separation is used to enrich the complexes. Finally (iv) the complexes are introduced into a nanodevice for specific binding via actin filaments to surface adsorbed molecular motors (heavy meromyosin). The number of actin filaments bound to the motors in the latter step was significantly increased above the control value if protein analyte (50–60 nM) was present in serum (in step i) suggesting appreciable formation and enrichment of the MP-antibody-analyte-antibody-actin complexes. Furthermore, addition of ATP demonstrated maintained heavy meromyosin driven propulsion of actin filaments showing that the serum induced inhibition was alleviated. Detailed analysis of the procedure i-iv, using fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy identified main targets for future optimization.ConclusionThe results demonstrate a promising approach for capturing analytes from serum for subsequent motor driven separation/detection. Indeed, the observed increase in actin filament number, in itself, signals the presence of analyte at clinically relevant nM concentration without the need for further motor driven concentration. Our analysis suggests that exchange of polyclonal for monoclonal antibodies would be a critical improvement, opening for a first clinically useful molecular motor driven lab-on-a-chip device.

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Packaging actomyosin-based biomolecular motor-driven devices for nanoactuator applications

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Fabricated Micro‐Nano Devices for In vivo and In vitro Biomedical Applications

Fabricated Micro‐Nano Devices for In vivo and In vitro Biomedical Applications

Protein Linear Molecular Motor-Powered Nanodevices

Magnetic capture from blood rescues molecular motor function in diagnostic nanodevices

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