Paclitaxel-eluting nanofiber-covered self-expanding nonvascular stent for palliative chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer and its related stenosis

Abstract

Self-expanding non-vascular metal stents (SEMS) is now a choice of treatment for tumor-induced obstructive symptoms of gastrointestinal tract. But in-growing tumor causes re-stenosis. Here, we studied a paclitaxel-eluting nanofiber-covered stent for palliative chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer and its related stenosis. In vivo and in vitro feasibility of nanofiber-covered nonvascular stent was evaluated in this study. Nanofiber-covered stent released paclitaxel (PTX) in controlled manner for 30 days. PTX-NFM significantly inhibited the growth of CT-26 colon cancer in comparison with PTX injection. PTX maintained higher tumor concentrations over 1.0 μg/ml for more than 14 days without systemic exposure. TUNEL and H&E staining proved locally concentrated PTX induced the higher apoptosis than PTX injection. In this way, PTX-eluting nanofiber-covered stent possibly inhibits in-growth of cancer and extends patency of stent. Clinical feasibility of PTX-eluting nanofiber nonvascular stent for cholangiocarcinoma and gastrointestinal cancers will be investigated in further studies.

Functionalized Non-vascular Nitinol Stent via Electropolymerized Polydopamine Thin Film Coating Loaded with Bortezomib Adjunct to Hyperthermia Therapy

“…In recent years, stents in non-vascular applications have been a standard treatment for relieving occluding tumors in the gastrointestinal (GI) system 1 , 2 . Malignant tumors in the GI tract can be found virtually anywhere in the system especially in the esophagus, duodenum, small intestine, colon, and rectum 3 , 4 .…”

Stem cell impregnated nanofiber stent sleeve for on-stent production and intravascular delivery of paracrine factors

“…The use of polyurethane NF covered stents to exclude intracranial aneurysms has been described [32], and other investigators proposed using NF covered stents in saphenous vein graft interventions [33] to reduce distal embolization. The large surface area of the NF matrix can also be used as a traditional drug delivery platform, and drug-eluting NF covered stents have been used to deliver paclitaxel [34], rosuvastatin [35], aspirin [36], as well as nanoparticles containing steroids [22]. The porous nature of the NF matrix is also well suited for tissue engineering applications.…”

Stent Placement in Surgically Altered Stomach

“…Several types of drug-eluting SEMS are also under development, some of which have shown the potential to inhibit tumor growth in animals. [39][40][41] Conclusion SEMS placement is effective and safe for the palliative treatment of malignant GOO in patients with surgically altered stomach, but thorough understanding of the surgically altered anatomy and site of stricture is key to favorable treatment outcomes. Radioactive and drug-eluting SEMS may potentially be the future of palliative treatment for malignant GOO.…”