Paediatric tuberculosis in Europe: lessons from Denmark and inclusive strategies to consider

Marais, Ben J.; Tadolini, Marina; Zignol, Matteo; Migliori, Giovanni Battista

doi:10.1183/09031936.00133613

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Severe intoxication syndrome (persistent refractory fever, adynamia to prostration, greatly reduced appetite, and considerable weight loss) is more pronounced in higher age groups reaching 58.8% in adolescents aged over 15, which in turn creates obvious negligence and inattention to the symptoms of behalf of the general practitioner. The pathogenesis and the clinical presentation of TB in children, even in adolescents, are different from those in adults, with reduced sensitivity and specificity of the additional diagnostic tests, such as the microbiological testing, for example [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in Adolescents in Bulgaria for a Three-Year Period: 2018–2020

et al. 2022

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Background: Each year, approximately two million adolescents and young adults in the world become infected with tuberculosis (TB). The problem is that the classification of the disease includes children in the age group 0–14 years and young adults aged 15 and over. The present study aims to analyze and compare the epidemiology and clinical presentation of TB in Bulgaria in the different age subgroups of childhood. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken of the newly diagnosed children (n = 80) with TB treated onsite from January 2018 to December 2020 at the Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases (“St. Sofia”). They were distributed into three age groups: aged 8–11 (prepuberty), aged 12–14 (younger adolescents), and aged above 15 (older adolescents). Results: A clear finding of the research indicated that adolescent children develop TB both as primary and secondary infections. In a large number of cases with the children under our care, we found enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes as well as infiltrative changes in the lungs, i.e., we observed transitional forms. There were statistically significant differences between the age group >15 years old and each of the other two younger groups for diagnosis, the severity of intoxication, and BK spreading status. Conclusion: The course of tuberculosis in adolescence has its own specifics and differences between the three age groups in the current study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in Adolescents in Bulgaria for a Three-Year Period: 2018–2020

et al. 2022

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“…Achieving and maintaining a ''TB transmission free'' status could provide strong impetus for regional action in low burden areas, similar to the focus provided by the ''Roll back Polio'' campaign. 14 Challenging low burden countries to aspire to this goal may galvanize national action and encourage the incorporation of cutting-edge molecular tools into routine TB control activities, together with the development of active response systems. Benefits of rapid advances in pathogen genomics and whole genome sequencing include simultaneous detection of drugresistance mutations (allowing for earlier initiation of effective medications, thereby cutting transmission) and accurate identification of transmission clusters to guide outbreak investigation.…”

Section: Engaging Low Burden Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging high and low burden countries in the “TB end game”

Marais¹,

Outhred²,

Zumla

2016

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Global efforts towards developing an effective vaccine and prevention of progression of latent to active TB continue 26. Although progress in vaccine development has been slow, successful TB control programmes have benefited from isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) efforts, especially in low-endemic regions 27. Latent TB infection treatment with IPT in children under 5 years of age is recommended2 and is likely to have a high impact on the prevention of tuberculous disease in this high-risk exposed population in HBCs 28.…”

Section: Teasing Apart the Proportion Of Children In The Tb Epidemic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are TB control programmes in South Asia ignoring children with disease? A situational analysis

et al. 2014

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Paediatric tuberculosis (TB) has long been an evasive entity for public health practitioners striving to control the disease. Owing to difficulty in diagnosis of paediatric TB, incidence estimates based on current case detection fall short of actual rates. The four high-burden countries in South Asia (SA-HBC)-Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh-alone account for >75% of missed TB cases worldwide. It follows that these countries are also responsible for a large although unmeasured proportion of missed paediatric cases. In view of current Millennium Development Goals recommending a scale-up of paediatric TB detection and management globally, there is a dire need to improve paediatric TB programmes in these high-burden countries. Inherent problems with diagnosis of paediatric TB are compounded by programmatic and social barriers in SA-HBC. We have reviewed the current situation of TB control programmes in SA-HBC countries based on published statistics and performed a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats situational analysis with a view towards identifying critical issues operant in the region posing barriers to improving paediatric TB control.

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Paediatric tuberculosis in Europe: lessons from Denmark and inclusive strategies to consider

Abstract: @ERSpublicationsEuropean child TB data demonstrate need for accurate disease classification and new strategies to minimise transmission http://ow.ly/qvEgS

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Tuberculosis in Adolescents in Bulgaria for a Three-Year Period: 2018–2020

Tuberculosis in Adolescents in Bulgaria for a Three-Year Period: 2018–2020

Engaging high and low burden countries in the “TB end game”

Are TB control programmes in South Asia ignoring children with disease? A situational analysis

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