PAH, PCB, TPH and mercury in surface sediments of the Delaware River Estuary and Delmarva Peninsula, USA

Kim, A.W.; Vane, Christopher H.; Moss‐Hayes, Vicky; Engelhart, Simon E.; Kemp, Andrew C.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.008

Cited by 45 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Higher concentrations of PAHs and its alkyl derivatives (total of 51 types) have been reported from various rivers/river basins across the globe like Fraser, Luanhe, Densu, Missouri, Anacostia, Ebro, Delaware, etc. (Yunker et al, 2002;Motelay-Massei et al, 2006;Li et al, 2010;Amoako et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2018). Naphthalene and phenanthrene are found to be the most predominant (detected in 70% of the samples) in the sediments of the Ganga River basin (Duttagupta et al, 2019).…”

Section: Aromatic Compounds: Source Fate and Impact On The Biospherementioning

confidence: 96%

Microbial Degradation of Naphthalene and Substituted Naphthalenes: Metabolic Diversity and Genomic Insight for Bioremediation

Mohapatra

Phale

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

102

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Low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) like naphthalene and substituted naphthalenes (methylnaphthalene, naphthoic acids, 1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate, etc.) are used in various industries and exhibit genotoxic, mutagenic, and/or carcinogenic effects on living organisms. These synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) or xenobiotics are considered as priority pollutants that pose a critical environmental and public health concern worldwide. The extent of anthropogenic activities like emissions from coal gasification, petroleum refining, motor vehicle exhaust, and agricultural applications determine the concentration, fate, and transport of these ubiquitous and recalcitrant compounds. Besides physicochemical methods for cleanup/removal, a green and eco-friendly technology like bioremediation, using microbes with the ability to degrade SOCs completely or convert to non-toxic by-products, has been a safe, cost-effective, and promising alternative. Various bacterial species from soil flora belonging to Proteobacteria (Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, Comamonas, Burkholderia, and Novosphingobium), Firmicutes (Bacillus and Paenibacillus), and Actinobacteria (Rhodococcus and Arthrobacter) displayed the ability to degrade various SOCs. Metabolic studies, genomic and metagenomics analyses have aided our understanding of the catabolic complexity and diversity present in these simple life forms which can be further applied for efficient biodegradation. The prolonged persistence of PAHs has led to the evolution of new degradative phenotypes through horizontal gene transfer using genetic elements like plasmids, transposons, phages, genomic islands, and integrative conjugative elements. Systems biology and genetic engineering of either specific isolates or mock community (consortia) might achieve complete, rapid, and efficient bioremediation of these PAHs through synergistic actions. In this review, we highlight various metabolic routes and diversity, genetic makeup and diversity, and cellular responses/adaptations by naphthalene and substituted naphthalene-degrading bacteria. This will provide insights into the ecological aspects of field application and strain optimization for efficient bioremediation.

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Section: Aromatic Compounds: Source Fate and Impact On The Biospherementioning

confidence: 96%

Microbial Degradation of Naphthalene and Substituted Naphthalenes: Metabolic Diversity and Genomic Insight for Bioremediation

Mohapatra

Phale

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

102

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“…2 mg•kg− 1 ). The background obtained was in the same range as other locations with BaP-enriched soil, such as the areas of Abadan, Iran (0.061 mg•kg − 1 )[25], Sydney, Australia (0.22 mg•kg − 1 )[54], Delmarva, USA (0.39 mg•kg − 1 )[35], Berre, France (0.26 mg•kg − 1 )[4], Mecoacán, Mexico (0.22 mg•kg − 1 )[5], and Torino, Italy (0.23 mg•kg − 1 )[49].…”

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confidence: 60%

Benzo[a]pyrene sourcing and abundance in a Coal Region in Transition reveals historical pollution, rendering soil screening levels impractical.

Boente

Baragaño

Gallego

2020

Preprint

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Background Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a hazardous compound for human health and for environmental compartments. Its transfer and deposition through the atmosphere affects soil quality. In this regard, soil screening levels are commonly used to monitor the degree of soil contamination. However, these thresholds are often established without considering historical anthropogenic activities that affect soil (diffuse pollution). In this context, this study had the following objectives: 1) to identify the potential pollutant load of BaP, as well as other Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), in the soil of an area in a prominent Coal Region in Transition in NW Spain; 2) to test whether soil screening levels are realistic and whether they reflect the complexity of regions closely linked to heavy industries and mining; and 3) to determine whether there is a relationship between PAHs and inorganic pollutants. Results The 150 soil samples studied showed a notable content of high molecular weight PAHs. In this regard, BaP surpassed the threshold levels in practically the entire area. Samples fell into groups: a first group of outliers statistically determined through robust Mahalanobis distance, and three more by means of hierarchical cluster analysis. PAH-parent diagrams revealed a relatively homogenous fingerprint for all clusters. In addition, molecular diagnostic ratios pointed to coal combustion as the main pollution source, whereas only a few of the outliers appeared to be related to specific spills. The BaP background was calculated to be 0.24 mg·kg− 1, exceeding the threshold limits established in Spain by more than 10 times. Finally, a factor analysis revealed a moderate correlation of BaP with elements usually associated with coal combustion, such as Tl and V. Conclusions The soils of regions associated with coal exploitation and heavy industry have an indelible pollution fingerprint, caused namely by BaP and other PAHs, which come to form part of the geochemical background. The use of official soil screening levels in such regions is therefore questionable, and hot points should be determined on the basis of soil backgrounds specifically calculated for these areas.

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“…In this study, we chose four PCB congeners (CB28, CB101, CB153, and CB180) for oceanic simulation because they have substantial differences in physicochemical properties. 19 Congeners with lighter molecular weights, such as CB28, are much more volatile and have a longer range transport in the atmosphere, having thus a smaller spatial concentration gradient compared to CB153, CB180. We used wind speed that was derived every 6 h from the National Centers for Environmental Projection/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data to calculate the air–sea diffusion flux.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Kuroshio Regulates the Air–Sea Exchange of PCBs in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean

Yang

Guo

Ishizu

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Calculating accurate air–sea fluxes for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is an essential condition for evaluating their transport in the atmosphere. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic-ecosystem-PCB coupled model was developed for the northwestern Pacific Ocean to assess the air–sea fluxes of four PCBs and examine the influences of ocean currents on the fluxes. The model revealed a fine structure in the air–sea flux that is sensitive to the Kuroshio, a western boundary current with a high surface speed. Intense downward and upward fluxes (−23.6 to 44.75 ng m–2 d–1 for ∑4PCBs) can be found in the Kuroshio region south of Japan and the Kuroshio Extension east of Japan, respectively. In strong (weak) current regions, it takes ∼4 and ∼1 days (1–3 and 3–12 days) for dissolved PCBs to reach an equilibrium in scenarios where only air–sea exchange or only ocean advection is considered, respectively. In strong current regions, the ocean advection has a shorter response time than the air–sea exchange, indicating that dissolved PCBs from upstream carried by strong current can easily change the downstream concentration by disrupting the equilibrium with original air–sea exchange and induce new air–sea fluxes there. Therefore, strong western boundary currents should be correctly considered in future atmospheric transport models for PCBs.

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PAH, PCB, TPH and mercury in surface sediments of the Delaware River Estuary and Delmarva Peninsula, USA

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

Microbial Degradation of Naphthalene and Substituted Naphthalenes: Metabolic Diversity and Genomic Insight for Bioremediation

Microbial Degradation of Naphthalene and Substituted Naphthalenes: Metabolic Diversity and Genomic Insight for Bioremediation

Benzo[a]pyrene sourcing and abundance in a Coal Region in Transition reveals historical pollution, rendering soil screening levels impractical.

The Kuroshio Regulates the Air–Sea Exchange of PCBs in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean

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