Paid family leave and children health outcomes in OECD countries

Khan, Mariam Shamim

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105259

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Longer duration of paid maternity leave, which enables workers to take time away from work to heal from childbirth, take care of the newborn and breastfeed, and adhere to postpartum care and child wellness visits, has been associated with decreases in perinatal, neonatal, infant, and child mortality in member [167] and non-member [168] countries of the OECD, increased breastfeeding [169], and improved maternal mental health [112]. Based on this evidence, in 2018, the ACOG endorsed at least six weeks of fully paid leave for all new mothers [114].…”

Section: Societal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on the Complex Interplay between Social Determinants of Health and Maternal and Infant Mortality

Dagher

Linares

2022

Children

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Background: U.S. maternal and infant mortality rates constitute an important public health problem, because these rates surpass those in developed countries and are characterized by stark disparities for racial/ethnic minorities, rural residents, and individuals with less privileged socioeconomic status due to social determinants of health (SDoH). Methods: A critical review of the maternal and infant mortality literature was performed to determine multilevel SDoH factors leading to mortality disparities with a life course lens. Results: Black mothers and infants fared the worst in terms of mortality rates, likely due to the accumulation of SDoH experienced as a result of structural racism across the life course. Upstream SDoH are important contributors to disparities in maternal and infant mortality. More research is needed on the effectiveness of continuous quality improvement initiatives for the maternal–infant dyad, and expanding programs such as paid maternity leave, quality, stable and affordable housing, and social safety-nets (Medicaid, CHIP, WIC), in reducing maternal and infant mortality. Finally, it is important to address research gaps in individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors, because they affect maternal and infant mortality and related disparities. Conclusion: Key SDoH at multiple levels affect maternal and infant health. These SDoH shape and perpetuate disparities across the lifespan and are implicated in maternal and infant mortality disparities.

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Section: Societal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on the Complex Interplay between Social Determinants of Health and Maternal and Infant Mortality

Dagher

Linares

2022

Children

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“…International studies found that the implementation or extension of a national paid parental leave policy was associated with a decrease in infant mortality rates by a range of 2% to 10%. For example, when Heymann and colleagues looked at maternity leave legislation and neonatal/infant mortality rates in 178 countries, they found that an additional ten full‐time equivalent weeks of maternal leave was associated with 10% lower neonatal and infant mortality rates 25 . Tanaka and colleagues also predicted a decrease in infant and postneonatal mortality rates following a 10‐week extension in paid leave, as well as a decrease in low birthweight births.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐Level Social and Economic Policies and Their Association With Perinatal and Infant Outcomes

et al. 2022

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r State-level social and economic policies that expand tax credits, increase paid parental leave, raise the minimum wage, and increase tobacco taxes have been demonstrated to reduce adverse perinatal and infant health outcomes.r These findings can help prioritize evidence-based legislated policies to improve perinatal and infant outcomes in the United States.Context: Rates of preterm birth and infant mortality are alarmingly high in the United States. Legislated efforts may directly or indirectly reduce adverse perinatal and infant outcomes through the enactment of certain economic and social policies. Methods:We conducted a narrative review to summarize the associations between perinatal and infant outcomes and four state-level US policies. We then used a latent profile analysis to create a social and economic policy profile for each state based on the observed policy indicators.Findings: Of 27 articles identified, nine focused on tax credits, eight on paid parental leave, four on minimum wages, and six on tobacco taxes. In all but three studies, these policies were associated with improved perinatal or infant outcomes. Thirty-three states had tax credit laws, most commonly the earned income tax credit (n = 28, 56%). Eighteen states had parental leave laws. Two

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“…Des études d'observation ont cons taté que l'assurance emploi ralentissait légèrement le retour au travail 22 . Les prestations de congé parental améliorent les paramètres de santé chez la mère et l'enfant, y compris les taux de mortalité néonatale, selon des études d'observation menées dans des pays à revenu élevé 25,26 . Les prestations de congé de maladie réduisent la propagation des maladies infectieuses et le stress 27 .…”

Section: Nous Recommandons Fortement Le Versement De Prestations Uni ...unclassified

Recommandations pour une reprise équitable après la pandémie de COVID-19 au Canada

Persaud

Woods

Workentin

et al. 2022

CMAJ

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Paid family leave and children health outcomes in OECD countries

Cited by 28 publications

References 40 publications

A Critical Review on the Complex Interplay between Social Determinants of Health and Maternal and Infant Mortality

A Critical Review on the Complex Interplay between Social Determinants of Health and Maternal and Infant Mortality

State‐Level Social and Economic Policies and Their Association With Perinatal and Infant Outcomes

Recommandations pour une reprise équitable après la pandémie de COVID-19 au Canada

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