Pain and psychiatric comorbidities among two groups of Iraq and Afghanistan era Veterans

Phillips, Kristin M.; Clark, Michael E.; Gironda, R.; McGarity, Suzanne; Kerns, Robert W.; Elnitsky, Christine; Andresen, Elena M.; Collins, Rose C.

doi:10.1682/jrrd.2014.05.0126

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Full details of the parent study protocols, informed consent procedures, and Institutional Review Board approvals are published elsewhere. 8 Informed consent procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Boards and Research and Development Committees for each of the two VA facilities (one northern and one southeastern) that conducted participant enrollment and data collection. As secondary data analysis of existing, de-identified clinical information, the current study was exempt from human subject review by the Institutional Review Board of Oregon Health & Science University.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale in a sample of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans

et al. 2016

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Objectives:Optimal depression screening necessitates measurement tools that are valid across varied populations and in the presence of comorbidities.Methods:This study assessed the test properties of two versions of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale against psychiatric diagnoses established by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview among a clinical sample of US Veterans deployed during Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn. Participants (N = 359) recruited from two Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals completed a clinical interview, structured diagnostic interview, and self-reported measures.Results:Based on diagnostic interview and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition criteria, 29.5% of the sample met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder and 26.5% met diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. Both Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-20 and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10 scales performed well and almost identically against the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-major depressive disorder in identifying Veterans with major depressive disorder (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-20 area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve 91%; Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10 area under the ROC curve 90%). Overall, higher cut points for the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scales performed better in correctly identifying true positives and true negatives for major depressive disorder (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-20 cut point 18+ sensitivity 92% specificity 72%; Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10 cut point 10+ sensitivity 92% specificity 69%).Conclusions:The specificity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scales was poor among Veterans with co-occurring post-traumatic stress disorder (13% and 16%). Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder who have a positive depression screen should have a more thorough assessment of mental health symptoms and comorbidities, rather than immediate diagnosis of and treatment for depression.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 5 Veterans are also at higher risk for other debilitating mental health conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury. 6 – 8 Adequately assessing health needs of returning service members is important both for providing clinical care and allocating resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale in a sample of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans

et al. 2016

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“…Studies 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 of veterans who served in Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, or Operation New Dawn have shown that from 40% to more than 80% report experiencing chronic pain after deployment. More than half of these soldiers describe pain that is moderate to severe 6 , 8 occurring predominantly in the back, legs, shoulders, neck, and head. 5 , 7 Such pain is frequently reported as lasting longer than 1 year, with more than half experiencing pain almost every day, if not constantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 6 Chronic pain in veterans is associated with other significant problems, such as functional disability, vocational limitations, family discord, greater health care use, traumatic brain injury, and psychiatric comorbidities, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder, and substance abuse that includes opioid misuse. 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Predeployment Optimism and Onset of Postdeployment Pain in US Army Soldiers

et al. 2019

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Key Points Question Are higher levels of predeployment optimism among US Army soldiers associated with fewer reports of new pain after deployment? Findings Among 20 734 US Army soldiers in this longitudinal cohort study, optimism was associated with 11% lower odds of reporting new postdeployment pain, even while adjusting for demographic, military, and combat factors, including traumatic experiences and combat injury. In addition, 37.3% of soldiers reported pain in at least 1 new area of the body after deployment. Meaning The findings suggest that soldiers with low levels of predeployment optimism may be at greater risk of developing new postdeployment pain and may benefit from scalable interventions designed to increase optimism.

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“…Chronic (noncancer) pain generally refers to intractable pain that exists for three or more months and does not resolve in response to treatment. Given the high prevalence of chronic pain among veterans (Haskell, Heapy, Reid, Papas, & Kerns, ; Lew et al., ; Phillips et al., ), related treatments and interventions have become a priority for the Department of Veterans Affairs (). The objective has been to provide comprehensive and integrated treatment to improve the quality of life for veterans with chronic pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and personality differences between male and female veterans in an inpatient interdisciplinary chronic pain program

Baez

Miller

Banou

2018

J Appl Biobehavioral Res

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It is projected that by 2033 the Veterans HealthAdministration (VHA) will have at least a 10% increase in service utilization among female veterans (Yano et al., 2010), with that number rising each year. Research in the general population has revealed mixed but important findings surrounding the experience and manifestation of chronic pain across gender; therefore, it is important to continue exploration of these characteristics in veteran samples to inform chronic pain treatment efforts in the VA system. The current study explored personality and psychological differences between male and female veterans in an inpatient pain rehabilitation program, using the restructured form of the MMPI-2 (MMPI-2-RF). Analyses revealed fewer psychological and personality differences in female and male veterans with chronic pain than expected, with both groups endorsing high levels of somatic and internalizing difficulties and similar psychological processes underlying pain outcomes. Gender differences demonstrating larger effect sizes are explored, and implications for chronic pain treatment are discussed. K E Y W O R D Schronic pain, emotions, gender differences, interdisciplinary treatment, MMPI-2-RF, noncancer pain, pain rehabilitation, personality, veterans, women

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Pain and psychiatric comorbidities among two groups of Iraq and Afghanistan era Veterans

Cited by 38 publications

References 61 publications

Validity of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale in a sample of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans

Validity of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale in a sample of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans

Association Between Predeployment Optimism and Onset of Postdeployment Pain in US Army Soldiers

Psychological and personality differences between male and female veterans in an inpatient interdisciplinary chronic pain program

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