Pain in the trigeminal system: irritation of the nasal mucosa using short- and long-lasting stimuli

Hummel, Thomas; Mohammadian, Parvaneh; Marchl, Robert; Kobal, Gerd; Lötsch, Jörn

doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(02)00150-2

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The intention was to choose amplitude differences for each pair of stimuli that were below or slightly above the just noticeable level as described in the literature (Hummel et al, 2003). In fact, the subjects perceived the stimuli often as equally intense and were not able to identify the stronger one in more than half of the pairs despite a one third chance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One stimulus (either the first or the second) was always at a CO 2 concentration of 65% v/v, the other stimulus had a CO 2 concentration ranging from 55% v/v CO 2 to 75% v/v CO 2 , in 0.5% v/v CO 2 steps. The difference was randomly below and above the just noticeable difference (Hummel et al, 2003) making comparison difficult. However, pain stimuli were always well above the pain threshold (Hummel et al, 2003).…”

Section: Pain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference was randomly below and above the just noticeable difference (Hummel et al, 2003) making comparison difficult. However, pain stimuli were always well above the pain threshold (Hummel et al, 2003). On average, the first stimulus had a CO 2 concentration of 65.4 AE 3.8 % v/v and the second stimulus a concentration of 64.6 AE 4.1 % v/v (t-test of stimuli 1 versus 2 with respect to the CO 2 concentrations: P ¼ 0.29).…”

Section: Pain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended cortical activations during evaluating successive pain stimuli

Lötsch

Walter

Felden

et al. 2011

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Comparing pain is done in daily life and involves short-term memorizing and attention focusing. This event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated the short-term brain activations associated with the comparison of pain stimuli using a delayed discrimination paradigm. Fourteen healthy young volunteers compared two successive pain stimuli administered at a 10 s interval to the same location at the nasal mucosa. Fourteen age-and sex-matched subjects received similar pain stimuli without performing the comparison task. With the comparison task, the activations associated with the second pain stimulus were significantly greater than with the first stimulus in the anterior insular cortex and the primary somatosensory area. This was observed on the background of a generally increased stimulus-associated brain activation in the presence of the comparison task that included regions of the pain matrix (insular cortex, primary and secondary somatosensory area, midcingulate cortex, supplemental motor area) and regions associated with attention, decision making, working memory and body recognition (frontal and temporal gyri, inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, lingual cortices). This data provides a cerebral correlate for the role of pain as a biological alerting system that gains the subject's attention and then dominates most other perceptions and activities involving pain-specific and non-pain-specific brain regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended cortical activations during evaluating successive pain stimuli

Lötsch

Walter

Felden

et al. 2011

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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“…The latter (Green et al 1990;Bryant and Silver 2000) is also known as chemically-induced somesthesis (Green and Lawless 1991) or chemical nociception (Hummel et al 2003;Kwan et al 2006). Environmental vapors producing chemesthetic sensations impinge preferentially on exposed mucosae such as the nasal, ocular, and, to a lesser extent, oral mucosa (Doty et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration-detection functions for eye irritation evoked by homologous n-alcohols and acetates approaching a cut-off point

et al. 2007

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We measured concentration-detection (i.e., psychometric) functions for the eye irritation evoked by three homologous n-alcohols (1-nonanol, 1-decanol, and 1-undecanol) and two homologous acetates (nonyl and decyl acetate). A vapor delivery device based on a dynamic dilution of stimuli in nitrogen served to present various concentrations of each compound, including the undiluted vapor, to the subjects (n≥26).Delivered concentrations were quantified by gas chromatography. Detection probability (P) was assessed via a three-alternative, forced-choice procedure, and quantified on a scale ranging from P = 0.0 (chance detection) to P = 1.0 (perfect detection). Flowrate to the eye equaled 2.5 L/min and time of exposure was 6 sec. The functions for 1-undecanol and decyl acetate plateau at P ≈ 0.5 and P ≈ 0.25, respectively, such that further increases in concentration failed to increase detection notably. Thus, both series reached a break-point, or cut-off, in detection of ocular irritation. The present outcome provides additional evidence that the cut-off does not rest on the low vapor concentration of the homolog but, more likely, on the homolog exceeding a critical molecular dimension(s) which prevents it from interacting effectively with the appropriate receptors.

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“…The trout chemosensitive receptors were stimulated by different preparations of carbonated water at varying pHs, as has been recorded for CO 2 receptors located on the first gill arch of fish . In mammals, there is now strong evidence that nociceptor activation by carbonated solutions is due to the conversion of CO 2 to carbonic acid via the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (Dessirier et al, 2000;Simons et al, 1999), the same mechanism by which CO 2 gas is thought to activate nociceptors (Hummel et al, 2003). Gaseous CO 2 has been demonstrated to excite nociceptors in a concentrationdependent manner in higher vertebrates (Peppel and Anton, 1993;Chen et al, 1995;Acosta et al, 2001), and during the present study different types of carbonated solution were applied in a preliminary attempt to assess concentration-response relationships.…”

Section: Responses To Innocuous Chemicals and Chemical Irritantsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Characterisation of chemosensory trigeminal receptors in the rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss: responses to chemical irritants and carbon dioxide

Mettam

McCrohan

Sneddon

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYTrigeminally innervated, mechanically sensitive chemoreceptors (M) were previously identified in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, but it is not known whether these receptors are responsive only to noxious, chemical irritants or have a general chemosensory function. This study aimed to characterise the stimulus-response properties of these receptors in comparison with polymodal nociceptors (P). Both P and M gave similar response profiles to acetic acid concentrations. The electrophysiological properties were similar between the two different afferent types. To determine whether the receptors have a nociceptive function, a range of chemical stimulants was applied to these receptors, including non-noxious stimuli such as ammonium chloride, bile, sodium bicarbonate and alarm pheromone, and potentially noxious chemical irritants such as acetic acid, carbon dioxide, low pH, citric acid, citric acid phosphate buffer and sodium chloride. Only irritant stimuli evoked a response, confirming their nociceptive function. All receptor afferents tested responded to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the form of mineral water or soda water. The majority responded to 1% acetic acid, 2% citric acid, citric acid phosphate buffer (pH3) and 5.0moll -1 NaCl. CO 2 receptors have been characterised in the orobranchial cavity and gill arches in fish; however, this is the first time that external CO 2 receptors have been identified on the head of a fish. Because the fish skin is in constant contact with the aqueous environment, contaminants with a low pH or hypercapnia may stimulate the nociceptive system in fish.

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Pain in the trigeminal system: irritation of the nasal mucosa using short- and long-lasting stimuli

Cited by 45 publications

References 59 publications

Extended cortical activations during evaluating successive pain stimuli

Extended cortical activations during evaluating successive pain stimuli

Concentration-detection functions for eye irritation evoked by homologous n-alcohols and acetates approaching a cut-off point

Characterisation of chemosensory trigeminal receptors in the rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss: responses to chemical irritants and carbon dioxide

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