Pain, work, and the workplace: a topical review

The biopsychosocial model of pain 40 years on: time for a reappraisal?

“…The problem has been considered by many pain researchers. 45,149 One approach explored by Main et al 93 incorporated a conceptual framework outlined by Aarons et al 1 from the new field of Implementation Science to describe the processes that might be required to reliably facilitate the successful RTW of injured workers. The Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS 1 ) framework for implementation research identifies 5 domains to be considered: intervention characteristics, outer setting (regulators and treatment providers), inner setting (workplace), characteristics of the individuals involved, and the actual process of implementation.…”

Socioeconomic position and pain: a topical review

“…72 Moreover, adulthood pain can influence people's ability to maintain their SEP and resources; it has been shown that pain can affect work performance, increase absenteeism, health-related job loss, and early retirement that affect level of income. 93…”

Best Practices in Documenting and Coding High-Value Care in Workers’ Compensation Encounters—ACOEM Guidance Statement

“…For example, patients who think about their pain in catastrophizing ways may fear movement, which is important to recovery. 25,28,41,42 Identifying such risk and referring such patients to a physical therapist knowledgeable about behavioral approaches for an early supervised exercise program are an example of an effective secondary prevention measure. 4 Tertiary prevention applies when treatment is optimized to prevent complications, reduce risk, and improve outcomes.…”