Painful diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes: impact of an alternative approach

Gillespie, E. S.; Gillespie, B K; Stevens, MJ

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7166.2005.tb00480.x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The search found 26 randomized placebo controlled trials (RPCTs) that examined hands-on Reiki’s effectiveness over placebo in adults using valid outcome measures translated in English ( Thornton, 1991 ; Dressen and Singg, 1998 ; Witte and Dundes, 2001 ; Shiflett et al, 2002 ; Mackay et al, 2004 ; Shore, 2004 ; Gillespie et al, 2007 ; Assefi et al, 2008 ; Bowden et al, 2010 , 2011 ; Catlin and Taylor-Ford, 2011 ; Díaz-Rodríguez et al, 2011a , b ; Ventura Carraca, 2012 ; Baldwin et al, 2013 , 2017 ; Fortes Salles et al, 2014 ; Novoa and Cain, 2014 ; Rosada et al, 2015 ; Alarcao and Fonseca, 2016 ; Erdogan and Cinar, 2016 ; Midilli and Gunduzoglu, 2016 ; Vasudev and Shastri, 2016 ; Bat, 2021 ; Yüce and Taşcı, 2021 ; Çinar et al, 2022 ). Fourteen of these met PICO for examining the effectiveness of Reiki over placebo in measuring symptoms of mental health ( Thornton, 1991 ; Dressen and Singg, 1998 ; Shiflett et al, 2002 ; Shore, 2004 ; Bowden et al, 2010 , 2011 ; Díaz-Rodríguez et al, 2011a , b ; Rosada et al, 2015 ; Erdogan and Cinar, 2016 ; Vasudev and Shastri, 2016 ; Baldwin et al, 2017 ; Yüce and Taşcı, 2021 ; Çinar et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Reiki Benefit Mental Health Symptoms Above Placebo?

Zadro

Stapleton

2022

Front. Psychol.

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BackgroundReiki is an energy healing technique or biofield therapy in which an attuned therapist places their hands on or near the client’s body and sends energy to the client to activate the body’s ability to heal itself and restore balance. It was developed in Japan at the end of the 19th century by Mikao Usui of Kyoto. Given the enormous international socioeconomic burden of mental health, inexpensive, safe, and evidenced-based treatments would be welcomed. Reiki is safe, inexpensive, and preliminary research suggests it may assist in treating a wide variety of illnesses. Given that Reiki is a biofield therapy, growing in use, and not yet accepted by the dominant biomedical paradigm, it is important to establish its effectiveness over placebo. This study aimed to examine Reiki’s effectiveness over placebo in treating symptoms of mental health and to explore parameters for its effectiveness.MethodA systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials (RPCTs) examining Reiki’s effectiveness in treating symptoms of mental health in adults was conducted through a systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and ProQuest. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s Revised ROB 2 assessment tool. This was followed by a grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluations (GRADE) assessment.ResultsThe evidence to date suggests that Reiki consistently demonstrates a greater therapeutic effect over placebo for some symptoms of mental health. The GRADE level of evidence is high for clinically relevant levels of stress and depression, moderate to high for clinically relevant levels of anxiety, low to moderate for normal levels of stress, and low to moderate for burnout, and low for normal levels of depression and anxiety.ConclusionThe results suggest that, Reiki may be more effective in treating some areas of mental health, than placebo, particularly if symptoms are clinically relevant. To date, there are a small number of studies in each area, therefore findings are inconclusive and, more RCTs controlling for placebo in Reiki research are needed. Most included studies were also assessed as having a risk of bias of some concern. Incorporating Reiki as a complementary treatment to mainstream psychotherapy for depression, stress, and anxiety may be appropriate.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/], identifier [CRD42020194311].

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Reiki Benefit Mental Health Symptoms Above Placebo?

Zadro

Stapleton

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…The significant reduction in some of the pain symptoms observed in both the INF and sham groups in the current study was consistent with the concept that the formation of a ‘sustained partnership’ between the healthcare provider and the patient can have direct therapeutic benefits. 44 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significant reduction in some of the pain symptoms observed in both the INF and sham groups in the current study was consistent with the concept that the formation of a 'sustained partnership' between the healthcare provider and the patient can have direct therapeutic benefits. 44 There is little information on treatments that can improve gait parameters and decrease the risk of falls in patients with DM. 45 Improving gait velocity decreases the risk of falls in those with DPN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating peripheral neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus with intraneural facilitation: a single blind randomized control trial

et al. 2022

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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intraneural facilitation (INF) for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods This single-blind, randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and moderate-to-severe DPN symptoms below the ankle. Patients were randomly assigned to receive INF or sham treatment. In the INF group, trained INF physical therapists provided therapy for 50–60 min, three times a week for 3 weeks. Sham treatment consisted of patients believing they received anodyne therapy for 3 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment data were compared between the two groups for quality of life, balance, gait, protective sensory function and pain outcome measures. Results A total of 28 patients (17 males) were enrolled in the study (INF group n = 17; sham group n = 11). There was a significant decrease in the overall pain score in both the INF and sham groups over time, but the decrease was greater in the INF group (1.11 versus 0.82). Between-group comparisons demonstrated significant differences in unpleasant pain and protective sensory function. The INF group showed post-treatment improvements in protective sensory function and composite static balance score. Conclusions INF treatment improved pain perception, the composite static balance score and protective sensations in patients with DPN. Research Registry number: CNCT04025320

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“…The study by McManus identified 13 randomized controlled trials with a placebo arm, but only 11 of these studies were conducted in humans. He found that six human randomized control trials of Reiki therapy showed positive results and the other five with negative findings [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. We were able to identify an additional 4 placebo controlled randomized controlled trials of Reiki, and two found statistically significant beneficial findings while the other two found no difference between Reiki and placebo Reiki [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Ability of Reiki Practitioners to Detect Human Energy Fields

Moss¹,

Wang²,

Bristol³

et al. 2022

OBM ICM

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Reiki is a form of energy healing that has gained popularity in the United States, but there remains skepticism about its scientific validity. This study examines the ability of Reiki practitioners (RP) to detect human energy fields (HEF). Volunteer RP were asked to identify the location of a human hand under blinded conditions for a total of 20 trials. Four potential options existed for subjects (right, left, both, or neither); thus, random chance would predict a success rate of 25%. A success rate of >40% was considered significant, and these individuals would be asked to conduct another 40 trials. A control group of non-energy trained volunteers were also asked to complete the same task. A total of 67, mainly female (91%), RP participated in this study. The majority were Reiki Masters (90%) and practiced Reiki an average of 11.4 years (±6.2, 1.5-24). They had a mean success rate of detecting HEF of 25.4%, (median 5 ± 1.8, 1-10), while the control group (n = 25) had an average success rate of 24.2% (median 5 ± 1.6, 2-8). One subject met criteria for repeat testing for a final 42% accuracy rate. Level of training (masters versus level II), years of experience (>10), age (>60), female sex, handedness, or time to detect HEF (average >20 sec) did not correlate to an increase in accuracy for RP. RPs’ ability to HEF was equivalent to chance and similar to the control group of non-energy trained volunteers. The mechanism by which reiki provides benefits to patients is still unknown, and while this study indicates that it may not be through the manipulation of energy fields, alternate explanations include physical touch and healing touch, both of which should be explored in future research.

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Painful diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes: impact of an alternative approach

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Does Reiki Benefit Mental Health Symptoms Above Placebo?

Does Reiki Benefit Mental Health Symptoms Above Placebo?

Treating peripheral neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus with intraneural facilitation: a single blind randomized control trial

Assessing the Ability of Reiki Practitioners to Detect Human Energy Fields

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