“…378 Protein coatings play a crucial role in this process, offering a range of applications, including enhancing cell adhesion and proliferation, guiding osteogenic differentiation, mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM), controlling the release of growth factors, preventing immune responses, improving implant integration, functionalizing scaffolds, and delivering therapeutic agents. [379][380][381] The application of protein coatings holds great promise for advancing regenerative medicine and addressing bone-related disorders, injuries, and defects. A pioneering approach by Yang et al 289 involves the use of engineered curli nanofibrils derived from biofilms to create multifunctional mineralization coatings on various substrates.…”