Paired pulse voltammetry for differentiating complex analytes

Jang, Dong Pyo; Kim, Inyong; Su, Chang; Min, Hoon Ki; Arora, Kanika; Marsh, Michale P.; Hwang, Sun Chul; Kimble, Christopher J.; Bennet, Kevin E.; Lee, Kendall H.

doi:10.1039/c2an15912k

Cited by 24 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…9,20,24 With this in mind, it has been shown that a modified form of FSCV can improve the pH and dopamine selectivity. 25 However, the chemical selectivity of other voltammetric techniques has not been well-studied yet. Beside FSCV, we have used RPV for dopamine detection in the brain ("differential pulse voltammetry", a variation of RPV using subtraction between up-and down-rectangular pulses).…”

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confidence: 99%

Temporal Differentiation of pH-Dependent Capacitive Current from Dopamine

Yoshimi

Weitemier

2014

Anal. Chem.

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Voltammetric recording of dopamine (DA) with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) on carbon fiber microelectrodes have been widely used, because of its high sensitivity to dopamine. However, since an electric double layer on a carbon fiber surface in a physiological ionic solution behaves as a capacitor, fast voltage manipulation in FSCV induces large capacitive current. The faradic current from oxidation/reduction of target chemicals must be extracted from this large background current. It is known that ionic shifts, including H(+), influence this capacitance, and pH shift can cause confounding influences on the FSCV recordings within a wide range of voltage. Besides FSCV with a triangular waveform, we have been using rectangular pulse voltammetry (RPV) for dopamine detection in the brain. In this method, the onset of a single pulse causes a large capacitive current, but unlike FSCV, the capacitive current is restricted to a narrow temporal window of just after pulse onset (<5 ms). In contrast, the peak of faradic current from dopamine oxidation occurs after a delay of more than a few milliseconds. Taking advantage of the temporal difference, we show that RPV could distinguish dopamine from pH shifts clearly and easily. In addition, the early onset current was useful to evaluate pH shifts. The narrow voltage window of our RPV pulse allowed a clear differentiation of dopamine and serotonin (5-HT), as we have shown previously. Additional recording with RPV, alongside FSCV, would improve identification of chemicals such as dopamine, pH, and 5-HT.

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confidence: 99%

Temporal Differentiation of pH-Dependent Capacitive Current from Dopamine

Yoshimi

Weitemier

2014

Anal. Chem.

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“…3C [17]. PPV consists of triangle-shaped pairs of voltammetric pulses (primary and secondary pulse) with a specific time delay between the two pulses comprising each binary scans, repeated with a negative holding potential between the paired pulses [16]. The primary pulse is defined as the first pulse in the binary scans, and the secondary pulse as the following pulse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis). The buffer solution was composed of 150 mM sodium chloride and 12 mM Trizma base at pH 7.4, and was pumped across the CFM at a rate of 2 ml/min [16]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the reduction process of dopamine using paired pulse voltammetry

Kim

Shin

et al. 2014

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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The oxidation of dopamine (DA) around +0.6V potential in anodic sweep and its reduction around −0.1V in cathodic sweep at a relatively fast scanning rate (300 V/s or greater) have been used for identification of DA oxidation in fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). However, compared to the oxidation peak of DA, the reduction peak has not been fully examined in analytical studies, although it has been used as one of the representative features to identify DA. In this study, the reduction process of DA was investigated using paired pulse voltammetry (PPV), which consists of two identical triangle-shaped waveforms, separated by a short interval at the holding potential. Especially, the discrepancies between the magnitude of the oxidation and reduction peaks of DA were investigated based on three factors: (1) the instant desorption of the DA oxidation product (dopamine-o-quinone: DOQ) after production, (2) the effect of the holding potential on the reduction process, and (3) the rate-limited reduction process of DA. For the first test, the triangle waveform FSCV experiment was performed on DA with various scanrates (from 400 to 1000 V/s) and durations of switching potentials of the triangle waveform (from 0.0 to 6.0 ms) in order to vary the duration between the applied oxidation potential at +0.6V and the reduction potential at −0.2V. As a result, the ratio of reduction over oxidation peak current response decreased as the duration became longer. To evaluate the effect of holding potentials during the reduction process, FSCV experiments were conducted with holding potential from 0.0V to −0.8V. We found that more negative holding potentials lead to larger amount of reduction process. For evaluation of the rate-limited reduction process of DA, PPV with a 1Hz repetition rate and various delays (2, 8, 20, 40 and 80ms) between the paired scans were utilized to determine how much reduction process occurred during the holding potential (−0.4V). These tests showed that relatively large amounts of DOQ are reduced to DA during the holding potential. The rate-limited reduction process was also confirmed with the increase of reduction in a lower pH environment. In addition to the mechanism of the reduction process of DA, we found that the differences between the responses of primary and secondary pulses in PPV were mainly dependent on the rate-limited reduction process during the holding potential. In conclusion, the reduction process may be one of the important factors to be considered in the kinetic analysis of DA and other electroactive species in brain tissue and in the design of new types of waveform in FSCV.

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“…Following the original work of Adams and co-workers (Blank 1972, Adams 1972), numerous electrochemical techniques and electrode materials have been investigated for in vivo detection of dopamine. Commonly used techniques include constant potential amperometry, differential pulse voltammery, fast scan cyclic voltammetry and paired pulse voltammetry (Shon 2010, Yoshimi 2011, Suzuki 2007, Jang 2012, Keithley 2011). Carbon and carbon derived microelectrodes and metal (Pt and Au) electrodes have been used as transduction materials (Robinson 2008a, Zachek 2008, Bath 2001).…”

Section: Electrochemical Detection Of Monoamine Neurotransmittersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Neurotransmitters for Applications in Biomedicine

2015

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Neurotransmitters are important biological molecules that are essential to many neurophysiological processes including memory, cognition, and behavioral states. The development of analytical methodologies to accurately detect neurotransmitters is of great importance in neurological and biological research. Specifically designed microelectrodes or microbiosensors have demonstrated potential for rapid, real-time measurements with high spatial resolution. Such devices can facilitate study of the role and mechanism of action of neurotransmitters and can find potential uses in biomedicine. This paper reviews the current status and recent advances in the development and application of electrochemical sensors for the detection of small-molecule neurotransmitters. Measurement challenges and opportunities of electroanalytical methods to advance study and understanding of neurotransmitters in various biological models and disease conditions are discussed.

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Paired pulse voltammetry for differentiating complex analytes

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Temporal Differentiation of pH-Dependent Capacitive Current from Dopamine

Temporal Differentiation of pH-Dependent Capacitive Current from Dopamine

Investigation of the reduction process of dopamine using paired pulse voltammetry

Recent Developments in Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Neurotransmitters for Applications in Biomedicine

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