“…A pairwise likelihood estimation, where the likelihood function is defined as the product of the bivariate likelihoods, is proposed in Katsikatsou et al (2012) for SEM for ordinal variables and in Katsikatsou (2013) for continuous and ranking data. PML estimation has been developed for panel models of ordered-responses (Bhat et al, 2010), latent variable models for ordinal longitudinal responses (Vasdekis et al, 2012), autoregressive ordered probit models (Varin & Vidoni, 2006), longitudinal mixed Rasch models (Feddag & Bacci, 2009), mixed models for joint modelling of multivariate longitudinal profiles (Fieuws & Verbeke, 2006), analysis of variance models (Lele & Taper, 2002), generalized linear models with crossed random effects (Bellio & Varin, 2005), spatial models with binary data (Heagerty & Lele, 1998), and spatial generalized linear mixed models (see also the special issue of Statistica Sinica, Vol 21(1), 2011, for more areas of application).…”